The presence of enzymes in mammalian blood which hydrolyze acetylcholine was first suspected by Dale (1)) and later demonstrated by Plattner (2) and by Engelhart and Loewi (3). A serum cholinesterase isolated by Stedman et al. (4) from horse blood was first thought to be the same as the cholinesterase in the central nervous system.’ Distinct differences between the cholinesterase of erythrocyte...

BACKGROUND The prescribing cascade model involves the misinterpretation of an adverse reaction to 1 drug and the subsequent, potentially inappropriate prescription of a second drug. We present a new example of the prescribing cascade involving cholinesterase inhibitors and anticholinergic drugs used to manage urinary incontinence. METHODS A population-based retrospective cohort study was carr...

The cholinesterase activity of skeletal muscle and its subcellular components, including motor endplates, was compared chemically in human, mouse and rat. The total cholinesterase activity of muscle per unit protein was in the descending order of human, mouse and rat. Cholinesterase was present in all subcellular components fractionated by differential centrifugation, and was greatest in the mi...

With the recent research advances in molecular biology and technology, many credible hypotheses about the progress of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been proposed, among which the amyloid and cholinergic hypotheses are commonly used to develop reliable therapeutic agents. The multitarget-directed ligand (MTDL) approach was taken in this work to develop multi-functional agents, which can mainly s...

The in vitro effect of procainamide on plasma cholinesterase (PCHE) activity in the plasma of ten normal ASA physical status I patients was studied using a kinetic method. The mean plasma cholinesterase activity without procainamide (control) was 0.90 +/- 0.09 units.ml-1. The dibucaine numbers of all the samples were in the normal range of 78 to 86, indicating normal genotypes. The mean plasma ...

Cholinesterase activity was estimated in the serum of a Trinidadian female of Asian Indian descent. Her serum cholinesterase was pathologically low (0.17 U/ml) compared to the average reported for the population (10.59 ± 2.77 U/ml), and her dibucaine number could not be estimated. In a pedigree study her sister displayed similar enzyme activity and cholinesterase was 0.09 U/ml. Cholinesterase c...

The genus Sarcococca is widely distributed in South-East Asia and it comprises 14 species. The genus is traditionally used for gastrointestinal ulcers, infections, pain and in rheumatic fevers. Recently, our group has derived a comprehensive SAR relationship picture for a new series of natural cholinesterase inhibitors isolated from Sarcococca saligna (syn. S. pruniformis, Buxaceae). The fracti...

1. A variety of abiotic, biotic, human and historic variables related to environmental suitability and propagule pressure determine the distribution of invasive plants in a landscape. Understanding the role of these variables for invasive species is challenging because environmental variables are often correlated, many invaders have broad ecological niches, and invasive distributions are often ...

The fact that plant invasions are an ongoing process makes generalizations of invasive spread extraordinarily challenging. This is particularly true given the idiosyncratic nature of invasions, in which both historical and local conditions affect establishment success and hinder our ability to generate guidelines for early detection and eradication of invasive species. To overcome these limitat...