Two direct, simple, sensitive and rapid extraction-free spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of lamotrigine (LMT) in pure form and in its dosage forms. The methods are based on formation of ion-pair complex between the drug and two sulphonthalein acidic dyes namely, bromothymol blue (method A) and bromocresol green (method B), followed by the measurement of absor...

In this work, a simple, safe and rapid method for enumerating nitrifying bacteria was used as an alternative to traditional harmful chemical methods. The enumeration of nitrifying bacteria was based upon the change of color of the growth media containing pH indicators in response to acid production during nitrification. The oxidation of ammonia to strong acids by nitrifiers leads to pH decrease...

The responses of larval Aedes aegypti to media of pH 4, 7 and 11 provide evidence for pH regulatory strategies. Drinking rates in pH 4 media were elevated 3- to 5-fold above those observed in pH 7 or 11. Total body water was elevated during acute exposure to acidic media. During chronic exposure, total body water was decreased and Malpighian tubule mitochondrial luminosity, quantified using Mit...

Currently, AIDS represents the most common risk factor for the development of cryptococcosis. Despite of rapid scale-up of antiretroviral therapy programs and global investement in HIV care over the past decade, the decline in incidende and mortality rates associated with cryptococcosis has not been commensurate. This article puts into context recent diagnostics studies and morphologies with sp...

Cryptococcosis is a severe systemic mycosis caused by two species of Cryptococcus that affect humans and animals: C. neoformans and C. gattii. Cosmopolitan and emergent, the mycosis results from the interaction between a susceptible host and the environment. The occurrence of C. neoformans was evaluated in 122 samples of dried pigeon excreta collected in 49 locations in the City of Cuiabá, Stat...

Actinobacillus succinogenes, a typical succinic acid producing microorganism, was inhibited seriously by ammonium ion, which hampered industrialization of A. succinogenes with ammonium ion based material as the pH controller. In this study, we have isolated an ammonium ion-tolerant mutant of A. succinogenes by continuous-culture technique in which all environmental factors beside the stress (am...

Native strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum were tested for their effectiveness on nodulation, crop yield and nitrogen fixation in soybean (Glycine max). B. japonicum strains were isolated from soybean root nodules collected from different agro-climatic regions of Far Western Nepal, viz. Dipayal (607 m asl), Dadeldhura (1097 m asl), Silgadhi (1209 m asl) and Bajura (1524 m asl). The strains were...

Simple, precise, selective, and expeditious spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of itopride (ITO), midodrine (MID), diclofenac (DIC), mesalamine (MES), and sumatriptan (SUM) in their pure form as well as in pharmaceutical preparations. The method was based on ion-pair complex formation between the drugs and anionic dye, bromothymol blue in an acidic medium (pH 2...

The design, fabrication and testing of a photolithographically fabricated, glass-based multireflection absorbance cell for microfluidic devices, in particular microchip-based capillary electrophoresis (CE) systems is described. A multireflection cell was fabricated lithographically using a three-mask process to pattern aluminum mirrors above and below a flow channel in a chip, with 30 microm di...

This study optimises the degradation of a cocktail of the dyes methyl orange and bromothymol blue by atmospheric air plasma. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the efficacy of the plasma process parameters on degradation efficiency. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimise the degradation of dyes by air plasma discharge. A second order polynomial equation ...