Organohalogen compounds are some of the most notorious persistent pollutants disturbing the Earth biosphere. Although human-made, these chemicals are not completely alien to living systems. A large number of natural organohalogens, part of the secondary metabolism, are involved in chemical trophic interactions. Surprisingly, the relationship between organisms' trophic position and synthetic org...

a “cocktail”of several probe drugs is often used to evaluate metabolic activity of multiple cytochrome p450 enzymes in one session. some interactions among probe drugs can appear and may impact the rate of biotransformation of other ones. our presented work was to aim on the influence of bupropion on rat cytochrome p450-mediated metabolism of tolbutamide. the biotransformation rates of tolbutam...

introduction: the fate of xenobiotics that is present, increasing day by day. the increasing fates altered or inhibit the metabolic activities like detoxification and biotransformation. methods: the present study highlights this slow biotransformation and detoxification on the basis of specific enzymes which have a say in assessment of mercuric chloride toxicity and modulation by panax ginseng ...

α-, β-, and γ-Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) were subjected to in vitro biotransformation experiments with rat and trout liver S9 fractions for different incubation times (10, 30, and 60 min) at 2 concentration levels (1 and 10 μM). The metabolic degradation of target HBCDs followed first order kinetics. Whereas β-HBCD undergoes rapid biotransformation (t0.5 = 6.4 and 38.1 min in rat and trout...

The aim of the present work is to investigate an integration of a microbial reaction system for the oxidation of limonene using a psychrotrophic strain with an unconventional oxygenation of the culture. The alternative method for increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in culture media for biotransformation of R-(+)-limonene by Mortierella minutissima 01 is based on catalase-mediated deco...

Baicalin is one of the major bioactive constituents of Scutellariae Radix, but the biotransformation of it is poorly understood. In this paper, the metabolism of baicalin in rat was studied. Nine metabolites including one new compound were isolated and identified structurally. The plausible scheme for the biotransformation pathways of baicalin in the rats was deduced. And the main metabolites w...

A rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the soil in a karst area of Guilin, China and its biotransformation of steroidal saponins in sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine) to tigogenin was presented for the first time. A total of 22 strains for the degradation of steroidal saponins in sisal were isolated from 48 soil samples, and the isolated rod-shaped, bacterial strain ZG-21 was used for the product...

Biotransformation by the endophytes of certain plants changes various compounds, and this 'green' chemistry becomes increasingly important for finding new products with pharmacological activity. In this study, polyphyllin VII (PPL7) was biotransformed by endophytes from the medicinal plant Paris polyphylla Smith, var. yunnanensis. This produced a new compound, ZH-2, with pharmacological activit...

Endophytes are microorganisms that reside asymptomatically in the tissues of higher plants and are a promising source of novel organic natural metabolites exhibiting a variety of biological activities. The laboratory of Bioaromas (Unicamp, Brazil) develops research in biotransformation processes and functional evaluation of natural products. With the intent to provide subsidies for studies on e...

The bioflavonoid quercetin occurs as a range of glycosides in foods, and the composition of these glycosides is species and cultivar specific. In humans, quercetin undergoes extensive phase II biotransformation, resulting in a complex mixture of metabolites. The bioactivity of the individual metabolites depends on the type and position of the conjugates formed during biotransformation. An Agile...