A larval mark-recapture experiment was undertaken to compare dispersal patterns and vital rates of hatchery-produced and wild larvae. The potential of larval stocking to enhance recruitment in an estuarine tributary was also evaluated. Approximately 6.5 million striped bass Morone suxatilis larvae (5-7 mm, SL) were marked by immersion in 25 mg I ’ alizarin complexone, which was deposited in the...

Betanodaviruses are small positive-sense bipartite RNA viruses that infect a wide variety of fish species and are notorious for causing lethal outbreaks in juvenile fish hatcheries worldwide. The function of a small nonstructural protein, B2, encoded by the subgenomic RNA3 of betanodaviruses, has remained obscure. Greasy grouper nervous necrosis virus, a betanodavirus model, was used to develop...

The suitability of nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (nRT-PCR) to detect betanodavirus in blood samples from naturally infected Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) was evaluated in comparison with other diagnostic methods. Results indicated that histologic examination of brain lesions could be regarded as the most consistent indicator of nodavirus infection in this species...

Many fish undergo betanodavirus infection. To study the infection process of dragon grouper nervous necrosis virus (DGNNV), native virus and virus-like particles (VLPs) were used to analyse the binding and internalization in SSN-1 cells. The binding of DGNNV and VLPs to SSN-1 cells was demonstrated using Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. As estimated by indirect ELISA, the DGN...

European sea bass is highly susceptible to the betanodavirus RGNNV genotype, although the SJNNV genotype has also been detected in this fish species. The coexistence of both genotypes may affect the replication of both viruses by viral interaction or by stimulation of the host antiviral defense system in which the IFN I system plays a key role. IFN I triggers the transcription of interferon-sti...