Binary stochastic neurons (BSNs) are excellent activators for machine learning. An ideal platform implementing them low- or zero-energy-barrier nanomagnets (LBMs) possessing in-plane anisotropy (e.g. circular slightly elliptical disks) whose fluctuating magnetization encodes a probabilistic (p-) bit. Here, we show that such BSN's activation function, the pinning current (which pins output to pa...

The dynamics of a rotating elastic filament is investigated using Stokesian simulations. The filament, straight and tilted with respect to its rotation axis for small driving torques, undergoes at a critical torque a strongly discontinuous shape bifurcation to a helical state. It induces a substantial forward propulsion whatever the sense of rotation: a nanomechanical force-rectification device...

The existing methods of assessing limb lengthening during total hip arthroplasty (THA) are prone to error because the measurements are not parallel to the limb lengthening axis. In order to address this, we designed a caliper to estimate limb lengthening during THA and evaluated its accuracy compared with our previous device, the straight caliper. Limb lengths were measured in 100 patients. The...

We propose a method to generate THz vector Bessel beams by converting spoof surface plasmon polaritons into a series of backward radiation titled towards the optical axis using a concentric metal corrugation structure. The proposed method enables replacing a conventional bulky axicon lens with a flat device and contributes to the implementation of integrated THz systems.

We demonstrated a unique monolithic integration of Fresnel elliptical zone plate (EZP) objective on a 2-axis staggered vertical comb-drive micromirror with 500 μm by 800 μm surface area via direct patterning of reflective binary phase modulation elements on a silicon chip. The need for focusing optics is thus obviated, simplifying the micro-endoscope assembly and improving its form factor. The ...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether measurement of the QRS axis can help to predict outcome in patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy. METHODS The study included 78 patients who had undergone successful cardiac resynchronization device implantation. Patients were classified as having either a normal QRS axis (i.e., between -30 degrees and ...

Non-planar GaInN/GaN light-emitting diodes were epitaxially grown to exhibit steps for enhanced light emission. By means of a large off-cut of the epitaxial growth plane from the c-plane (0.06 to 2.24 ), surface morphologies of steps and inclined terraces that resemble fish scale patterns could controllably be achieved. These patterns penetrate the active region without deteriorating the electr...