pardaz is technique of employing points or small dots of colour to creat the maximum colour intensity. in other word, it is type of intaglio engaraving in which groups of dots and lines are used to build up tonal effects. it conveys dual interest in intensifying the effect of colour and light. this was a lengthy process requiring great skill and colour impressions were usually double the price ...

saqqā-ḵāna artists looked to cults, rituals, and visual elements of folk and local vernacular culture for inspiration. although many of these items appeared crude in their execution and lacked the artistic polish of artifacts made by professional calligraphers and painters, and were often created collaboratively as a kind of street art, their true significance was not lost to these artists. vie...

When artists depict a mirror in a painting, it necessarily lacks the most obvious property of a mirror: as we move around the painting of the mirror, the reflections we see in it do not change. And yet representations of mirrors and other reflecting surfaces can be quite convincing in paintings. Here, we will examine the rules of reflection, the many ways that painters can break those rules wit...

ll science involves what we might call "art" in the sense of requiring intuition, creativity, and inspiration (whether to grasp the underlying causal connection between seemingly unrelated observations or to construct an elegant experimental design). But in a few disciplines, science also closely intermingles with the fine arts, such as painting and sculpture. Dinosaur study is one such discipl...

BACKGROUND Although the pigment composition of Pompeian wall paintings has been the object of several studies, a comprehensive characterization of paint binder components is still lacking. This work aimed investigated at a molecular level the binder composition differences among wall paintings belonging to different periods of Pompeii's history. Analytical investigations were performed on repre...