Metastatic breast cancers are still incurable. Characterizing the evolutionary landscape of these cancers, including the role of metastatic axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) in seeding distant organ metastasis, can provide a rational basis for effective treatments. Here, we have described the genomic analyses of the primary tumors and metastatic lesions from 99 samples obtained from 20 patients with ...

PURPOSE Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been recently used to downstage breast cancer. However, in patients with initial axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis, ALN dissection regardless of the NAC response remains the standard treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify the feasibility and accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after NAC in patients with ALN metastasis at diag...

BACKGROUND The predictors for the involvement of lymph node (LN) have been widely studied. But the implication of the molecular type has not been well studied. Using the database of our institution, we investigated this relation. METHODS Patients with T1 and T2 primary breast cancer without distant metastasis were included in our study from 2012 Jan to 2013 Dec. All patients undertook the res...

• A hybrid waste collection system is modeled as an extended periodic location routing problem. New subtour elimination constraints for problems with intermediate facilities are introduced. Factors influencing the service type decision (pickup or bring system) presented. The developed ALNS provides good results also introduction of a pure system. Efficient solid management one most relevant iss...

Personalised learning offers an alternative method to one-size-fits-all education in schools, and has seen increasing adoption over the past several years. learning’s focus on learner-driven requires novel scheduling methods. In this paper we introduce hourly, activity planning problem of personalised learning, formulate methods solve it. We present integer linear programming model problem, but...

Lymph node size is an important variable in ultrasound diagnosis of lymph node metastasis. However, the size criterion often leads to oversight of tumor-positive lymph nodes within the range of "normal" size, such that more accurate diagnostic criteria for lymph node metastasis are required. In this study, we show how diagnosis of lymph node metastasis can be improved by evaluating changes in b...

Eu-doped ternary sulfides of general formula ALnS₂ (A = Na, K, Rb; Ln = La, Gd, Lu, Y) are presented as a novel interesting material family which may find usage as X-ray phosphors or solid state white light emitting diode (LED) lighting. Samples were synthesized in the form of transparent crystalline hexagonal platelets by chemical reaction under the flow of hydrogen sulfide. Their physical pro...

This paper studies the integration of vehicle routing problem with cross-docking (VRPCD). The aim is to find a set routes deliver products from suppliers customers through cross-dock facility, such that operational and transportation costs are minimized, without violating capacity time horizon constraints. A two-phase matheuristic based on column generation proposed. first phase focuses generat...

Given a set of timetabled bus trips, transport companies are faced with the challenge finding feasible driver schedule that covers all trips and abides by various labor union regulations. The regulations primarily concerned providing sufficient breaks for drivers during day. Practical limitations in city network enforce to travel cars between stops have breaks. Transport limited number cars, kn...

Purpose: To assess the visualization of different coronary stents using 16and 64-slice multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) coronary angiography. Materials and Methods: Ten different coronary artery stents commercially used in Korea were placed in a vascular phantom and examined with a 16and 64-slice MDCT; for image reconstruction, a standard medium-soft (B30f) kernel and a stent-optimized...