Solid-state anaerobic digestion is easily inhibited by high volatile fatty acid induced total solids, although it a promising technology. Previous studies on inhibition mainly focused solid content, co-digestion substrates, and external additives. The present study proposed new inoculation method named layer compared to premixing in the solid-state of pig manure maize straw. results showed that...

Periodic acid-Schiff staining, acid phosphatase localization, and yellow autofluorescence have been correlated with the PAS-body of Gonyaulax polyedra for the first time. PAS- staining and acid phosphatase activity are both correlated with the PAS-body of Gonyaulax tamarensis. These results that the PAS-body of these marine dinoflagellate algae functions in subcellular digestion.

In vitro techniques were evaluated to determine the nutritive value of a selection of tanniniferous tree and shrub legumes (Calliandra calothyrsus, Leucaena leucocephala L. diversifolia and L. pallida) compared with lucerne (Medicago sativa). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was also added to some in vitro fermentations (10 mg PEG/50 mg plant substrate) to assess the effects of tannins on digestion of...

Three mixtures were used for wet digestions: nitric and sulphuric acids, 30 per cent. hydrogen peroxide and sulphuric acid, and selenium and sulphuric acid. In the nitric acid digestion 3 ml. of conceintrated sulphuric acid was used for each gram of dry plant material, a total of 50 inl. of concentrated nitric acid was added in four portions, the mixture being evaporated to white fumes and cool...

Iodine deficiency leads to deficiency of thyroid hormones, which causes mental retardation in infant. Laboratory confirmation is important in its diagnosis. The major problems associated with the existing methods for iodine determination in milk samples are: 1) nonsafe alkaline solution; 2) harsh thermal condition; and 3) extra time required to complete various steps. In this study, a simple an...

The concentration of heavy metals in vegetable oils is an important criterion for the assessment of oil qualities with regard to freshness, keeping properties, storage and their influence on human nutrition and health. Trace heavy metals in vegetable oils are known to have an effect on the rate of oil oxidation. In this work, the contents of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn),...

An account of previous work on cathepsin may be found in the monograph of Pozzi (1935). In the hemoglobin method for the estimation of protelnase, denatured hemoglobin is digested and the digestion products not precipitable by trichloracefic acid are estimated colorimetrically. Hemoglobin, unlike commercial casein, edestin, and gelatin, is a reproducible substrate, Only the very first stages of...

Analytical procedures for the determination of rare earth elements (REE) in 250 mg aliquots of difficult-todigest peat and plant matrices by ICP-MS were developed. Three different pressurised digestion approaches were tested for this purpose, namely (i) closed vessel acid digestion on a hot-plate at 180 uC, (ii) digestion in a microwave high pressure autoclave at a temperature of 240 uC and (ii...

Hen egg white lysozyme, fully inactivated by the affinitylabeling reagent, the 2’,3’-epoxypropyl fl-glycoside of di-(NaCetyl-D-glUCOSamine), contained 1 mole of the label per mole of protein. Total enzymatic digestion of the reduced and carboxymethylated affinity-labeled enzyme afforded, as a major radioactive product, a compound composed solely of aspartic acid and glucosamine at the molar rat...

This paper reviews the chemical hydrolysis processes of dairy manure fiber to make its sugar accessible microorganisms during anaerobic digestion and identifies obstacles opportunities. Researchers, so far, investigated acid, alkali, sulfite, advanced oxidation (such as hydrogen peroxide assisted by microwave/ultrasound irradiation, conventional boiling, wet oxidation), or their combinations. G...