darius offered the political order of “king of kings” to solve the political crisis of his era. he legitimized it based on an order of gods. in his belief, the nature of politics was based on a dualistic religious worldview that is the fight between true divinity and false divinity’s will and performance in the world. in addition, the chief true divinity’s law was introduced as the principle or...

although the history of iran is rife with conquerors and military campaign, but there were not any national and real army at all. in fact, the idea of a single unified army has no precedent in iranian history. ever in the timesthe achaemenid empire, the rulers had felt safer with separate units of armed forces. this mechanism allowed them to play on one group against another so  prevented any c...

Previous work investigating the role of MDR-1 overexpression in relapsed and refractory lymphoma led us to investigate a possible role for multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) as a cause of resistance in patients who did not overexpress MDR-1. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for measuring MRP expression was validated. Immunoblot analysis suggested that no major di...

A summary of the photometric data obtained by the Hipparcos and Tycho missions is presented. The photometric signals and their reduction to magnitudes are described, as well as the passbands and their evolution. The main mission photometry provided on average 110 observations for each of the 118 000 stars observed during the mission. The accuracies for this epoch photometry range from a few mil...

A scrutiny of the existing time differencing carrier phase (TDCP) velocity estimation algorithms has revealed several shortcomings which could be further improved. One of those is that the velocity estimation at epoch t would require the receiver positions at epoch t+Δt or more are available. Another one is the usage of satellite velocities in the calculations which would increase the receiver ...

Abstract The war between Assyria and Egypt resulted in the deportation of scholars from Nile Valley to Mesopotamia. Among them were so-called “snake charmers.” While it was a well-known profession Egypt, this not case or Babylonia, where treatment snakebites scorpion stings left exorcist doctors. A number clues late Neo-Assyrian Achaemenid Persian periods suggest that charmers” enjoyed success ...