Interval arithmetic is hardly feasible without directed rounding as provided, for example, by the IEEE floating-point standard. Equally essential for interval methods is directed rounding for conversion between the external decimal and internal binary numerals. This is not provided by the standard I/O libraries. Conversion algorithms exist that guarantee identity upon conversion followed by its...

There are a number of places in which decimal points are missing from numbers. This error is especially apparent in Table 3. Please see the corrected Table 3 here. Decimal points are also missing in several places in the text of the article. A space appears where a decimal point should be. Diseases Staff. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribu...

Since radix-10 arithmetic has been gaining renewed importance over the last few years, high performance decimal systems and techniques are highly demanded. In this paper, a modification of the CORDIC method for decimal arithmetic is proposed so as to improve calculations. The algorithm works with BCD operands and no conversion to binary is needed. A significant reduction in the number of iterat...

Judgement of driving capability bases on determination of alcohol concentration in blood. This is carried out by two different methods, whereby the mean value is taken out of four test results. The mean value may very slightly taking either two or three decimal places. We suggest not to abandon the third decimal place. Due to German jurisdiction absolute incapability to drive is given when alco...

We will first see how to convert a real number in binary form into its decimal equivalent. The key idea is that the binary digits to the left of the binary decimal point increase in factors of 2 for each place moved over. Similarly, the digits to the right of the binary decimal point decrease in factors of 2 for each place moved over. Consider the real number (101.1)2 in binary form. We have (1...

A standard description of growth stages for crops/plants is necessary not only for determining and improving cultural practices, but also to facilitate enhanced communication among producers, researchers, and educators. It also could help in unifying experimental results. Many different descriptions of growth stages are currently available for many crops, but there are no codes for sesame (Sesa...

The genetic code structure into distinct multiplet-classes as well as the numeric degeneracies of the latter are revealed by a two-step process. First, an empirical inventory of the degeneracies (of the shuffled multiplets) in two specific equal moieties of the experimental genetic code table is made and transcribed in the form of a sequence of integers. Second, a Gödel Encoding procedure is ap...

Our most recent computations tell us that any counterexample to Giuga’s 1950 primality conjecture must have at least 19,908 decimal digits. Equivalently, any number which is both a Giuga and a Carmichael number must have at least 19,908 decimal digits. This bound has not been achieved through exhaustive testing of all numbers with up to 19,908 decimal digits, but rather through exploitation of ...

We improve a carry-select technique for decimal adders, where pairs of corrective carry-out bits for all decimal positions are computed in parallel. Selection is based on the corresponding positional carry-in bits, which are produced by a quaternary parallel prefix carry network. Carry-out bits select pairs of corrected or intact sum-digits to be later selected by actual carry-in bits at the en...