copper–silver bimetallic strips were produced by cold roll welding process and were treated by diffusion annealing in the temperature range 250–800 ?c. the interface bonding strength was determined by bending and peeling tests, resistance, conductivity and micro hardness profiles were determined and microstructure in the interface region was observed by optical microscope. electrical resistance...

This paper briefly summarizes recent research documenting increased robustness that results from using multimodal interaction in environments that would challenge current graphical user interfaces, or even interfaces based on single natural communication modalities, such as speech or gesture. Multimodal interfaces that support the mutual disambiguation of modalities [1,2,3] can use one or more ...

objectives: this study aimed to evaluate the effects of saliva contamination on the metallic bracket microleakage bonded with two moisture-tolerant bonding systems. materials and methods:  ninety freshly extracted premolar teeth were randomly divided into six groups of 15 with the following treatments: g1 (control): after acid etching, assure primer and assure adhesive were applied to non-conta...

There are advantages of using the concept of context in the area of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. However, it was not the case until now. For example, never the term of awareness has been used in this area with an explicit association to context. We discuss in this paper the interest to make context explicit in three case studies in the domain of collaborative works. In particular, we pr...

the existing theory for wave propagation through a soil layer are not compatible with the real soil layers because in the theory the layers are flat and the sub-layers are parallel, while in real the soil layers are not flat and they may not be parallel. thus, wave propagations through a corrugated interface are so important. in this paper, a two-dimensional sh-wave propagation through a corrug...

Plastic user interfaces are intentionally developed to automatically adapt themselves to changes in the user’s working context. Although some Web single-user interactive systems already integrate some plastic capabilities, this research topic remains quasi-unexplored in the domain of Computer Supported Cooperative Work. This paper is centered on prototyping a plastic collaborative whiteboard, w...

Exertion interfaces require bodily activity. Users have to perform exercises, they have to dance, they have to golf or football, and they have to train particular bodily skills. Unlike game interfaces where we can observe lots of research activity recently trying to define, interpret and evaluate issues such as ‘flow’ and ‘engagement’, in exertion interfaces these concepts need to be reconsider...