In a modern power system, to realize the safe operation of units and maintain frequency stability network, various means modulation can be adopted. However, there are some deficiencies in real-time monitoring assessment management primary (PFM). To solve these problems, PFM online method based on “master–sub” control station model wide area measurement system (WAMS) is proposed as strategy supp...

Power oscillations are a growing concern among power system operators worldwide. Traditionally, the main countermeasure against dangerous power oscillations has been the installation of power system stabilizers (PSS). Essentially, the potential for inter-area power oscillations depends on the strength of the tie lines between different areas and the load on the ties. From a European perspective...

Data quality of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is receiving increasing attention as it has been identified as one of the limiting factors that affect many wide-area measurement system (WAMS) based applications. In general, existing PMU calibration methods include offline testing and model based approaches. However, in practice, the effectiveness of both is limited due to the very strong assumpti...

For several decades the traditional mindset for controlling large-scale power systems has been limited to local output feedback control, which means that controllers installed within the operating region of any utility company typically use measurements available only from inside that region for feedback, and, in fact, more commonly only from the vicinity of the controller location. Examples of...

An extensive literature review of published metalworking fluid (MWF) aerosol measurement data was conducted to identify the major determinants that may affect exposure to aerosol fractions (total or inhalable, thoracic and respirable) and mass median diameters (MMDs). The identification of determinants was conducted through published studies and analysis of published measurement levels. For the...

To prevent a power grid from having disturbances that may, in a worst case scenario, blackout entire countries, Transmission System Operators (TSO) want to be able to see what happens in different parts of the network faster, to have time to do the necessary changes and regulate the power grid. For this reason, a new technology called PMU-based Wide Area Monitoring System (WAMS) has been introd...