Technology for establishment of vegetated roofs (green roofs) has developed rapidly over recent years but knowledge about how these systems will develop over time is still limited. This study investigates vegetation development on unfertilised thin extensive vegetated roofs during a 3-year period. The vegetation systems investigated were designed to be low maintenance and had a saturated weight...

We study episodes where economic growth decelerates to negative rates. While the majority of these episodes are of short duration, a substantial fraction last for a longer period of time than can be explained as the result of businesscycle dynamics. The duration, depth and associated output loss of these episodes differs dramatically across regions. We investigate the factors associated with th...

Cities are first and foremost places of social interplay, confrontation and dialectics. They are theatres of civilisation, schools of abilities and values, and temples of learning about life in society and about rights and negotiation. According to Aristotle, the city is "built politics". Vitruvius stated that cities should be solid, beautiful and useful. Alcaeus, already in the 7th century B.C...

Wood. Forests were exploited from the very beginnings of Near Eastern civilization. Enough hints exist from such Aceramic Neolithic sites as Jericho in Israel and Çayönü, Asikli Höyük, Nevali Çori, and Hallan Çemi in Turkey to indicate that extensive forest use has a history in this region of at least ten thousand years. These sites provide ample burned evidence for architectural timbers used a...

Behram Pasha Mosque is one of the historical mosques, which work Mimar Sinan [1], located in southwest Diyarbakır’s Suriçi Region. Georadar (GPR) method geophysical applications possible gaps, fractures, collapses, etc. damages are determined non-destructively on walls and floors buildings. Therefore, historic mosques Diyarbakir Mosque, expert engineers carried out GPR scanning grounds without ...

In coal mining hard roofs are one of the main factors causing the occurrence of rock bursts in working panels. To solve this problem, the solid backfill coal mining (SBCM) technique is proposed and used as an effective measure to prevent the rock bursts induced by hard roofs. However, due to the different backfill ratios of working planes, the control effects on hard roofs are quite unique. By ...

Convective heat transfer coefficients for external building surfaces are essential in building energy simulation (BES) to calculate convective heat gains and losses from building facades and roofs to the environment. These coefficients are complex functions of: building geometry, building surroundings, local air flow patterns and temperature differences. A microclimatic analysis in a typical ur...