The overall cost of companies dealing with the distribution tasks is considerably affected by the way that distributing vehicles are procured. In this paper, a more practical version of capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) in which the decision of purchase or hire of vehicles is simultaneously considered is investigated. In CVRP model capacitated vehicles start from a single depot simulta...

The suspension system of a vehicle is one of the most important parts which is involved in the process of vehicle designing. When a vehicle suspension system is designed, the evaluation of its performance against the road disturbances such as shocks and bumps are very important. The most commonly used systems consist of four hydraulic Jacks with mobility in vertical line with low speed and l...

conclusions the seatbelt wearing rate among the study participants was much lower than the 90% rate reported among iranian drivers in 2010. mandating seatbelt use, as in most countries, will be more effective if a combination of factors such as changes in vehicle design, road safety, and driver and passenger behavior are taken into account. background seatbelts are a relatively low-cost safety ...

This paper aims to investigate a new and intricate behavior of immediate follower during the lane change of leader vehicle. Accordingly, the mentioned situation is a transient state in car following behavior during which the follower vehicle considerably deviates from conventional car following models for a limited time, which is a complex state including lateral and longitudinal movement simul...

the aim of this manuscript is to study the implication of aluminium-oxide nanofluid for an amphibious vehicle engine (viable on land and under water) cooling system both analytically and experimentally. to achieve this, a one-dimensional model of the engine cooling system (radiator) is considered through a computational fluid code in which the mass flow rate for a range of the coolant temperatu...

Model Predictive Controller (MPC) is a capable technique for designing Path Tracking (PTC) of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs). The performance MPC can be significantly enhanced by adopting high-fidelity and accurate vehicle model. This model should capturing the full dynamics vehicle, including nonlinearities uncertainties, without imposing high computational cost MPC. A data-driven approach realised...

This paper presents a microscopic vehicle guidance model which adapts to different levels of automation. Independent the vehicle, driver built is from common simulation models that regard and as unit. The term “Vehicle Guidance Model” covers, here, both human well combination assistance system up fully autonomously operated vehicles without (human) driver. Therefore, can be combined with kinds ...