I recently visited the Soviet Union. I was there for only one week, as a tourist: time to get only a very limited and superficial impression of life there. Nevertheless, it was a sobering and thought-provoking experience. For even such a brief visit forces one to confront the problems raised by the evidently unideal character of the Soviet Union and other ̀ actually existing' socialist societies...

This work provides a landscape on the manner in which Cuba and the Soviet Union had cooperated in the computing field between 1972 and 1990. It highlights some of the important milestones between the two nations including Cuban membership on the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, the COMECOM, and its activities in the Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls. It also address...

The Soviet communist regime had devastating consequences on the state of Russian twentieth century science. Country Communist leaders promoted Trofim Lysenko--an agronomist and keen supporter of the inheritance of acquired characters--and the Soviet government imposed a complete ban on the practice and teaching of genetics, which it condemned as a "bourgeois perversion". Russian science, which ...

1068 No American Dream for Soviet Emigres * The New Workhorses in U.S. Labs? b Soviet Emigres Swamp Israeli Science 1071 Import Rules Threaten Research on Primates 1072 IOM Elects New Members 1073 A European Superlaser? 1074 Briefings: Scientists Plan China Boycott * Hubble's First Light * Mammoth Glasnost * Blue Genes for Red Roses? * Psychological Warfare * Dr. Press, Meet Dr. DiMaggio * A Bu...

The Chernobyl accident was the inevitable outcome of a combination of bad design, bad management and bad communication practices in the Soviet nuclear industry. We review the causes of the accident. its impact on Soviet society. and its effects an the health of the population in the surrounding areas. It appears that the secrecy that was endemic in the USSR has bad profound negative ekcts an bo...

Over a period of 50 years, the Soviet Union built a giant infrastructure dedicated to designing, manufacturing, and maintaining nuclear bombs and warheads for a wide variety of strategic and tactical weapons systems (see Table 1). Under the conditions of the Soviet economic and political system, this nuclear weapons production complex developed into a self-sufficient, vastly redundant, and high...

human trafficking is one form of organized crime with 7 to 10 billion dollars profit next to drug and weapon trades. former soviet republics and eastern europe have become the newest sources of human trafficking, for europe and north america for the purpose of sexual exploitation .this article is a result in causes of human trafficking in central asian republic of the former soviet :union:.

The former Soviet Union (USSR) and the USA were the first countries to introduce standards limiting exposure to radiofrequency (RF) fields. However, the exposure limits in the USSR standards were always much lower than those in the USA and other countries. The objective of this article is to provide a history of the development of the Soviet and Russian RF standards. In addition, we summarize t...

Richard F. Staar, ‘Soviet Union’, in Peter F. Duignan and Alvin Rabushka, eds., The United States in the 1980s (Hoover Institute Press, 1980). 65 See in particular Sir William Hayter, Russia and the World (Taplinger, 1970). 66 Raymond L. Garthoff, ‘Soviet Views of the Interrelation of Diplomacy and Military Strategy’, Political Science Quarterly, Fall 1979. 67 During World War II, both the Unit...