The age of the best marathon performance has been well investigated for flat city marathon running, but not for mountain marathon running. The aim of this study was to determine the age of the best mountain marathon performance and to compare to results of a flat city marathon. Race times and ages of finishers of a mountain marathon with 1,830 m of altitude change (Jungfrau Marathon, Switzerlan...

Philippe Sarrazin SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043 David Blake NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035 Marc Gailhanou CNRS, IM2NP UMR, Marseille, France Philippe Walter Sorbonne Universités, CNRS-UPMC, LAMS, Paris, France Emile Schyns PHOTONIS France SAS, Avenue Roger Roncier, 19100 Brive, France Franck Marchis SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043 Kathy Thompson SETI Instit...

The United Nations has declared the year 2002 as the «International Year of Mountains». This fact alone underlines the importance of mountain regions in various respects: ◆ Mountains make up 24% of the Earth’s total landmass ◆ All major rivers and 60–80% of the Earth’s freshwater resources originate in mountain regions ◆ Mountain forests account for 28% of the Earth’s total forested area ◆ Moun...

Previously published isoline maps of Fennoscandian timberlines show that their highest elevations lie in the high mountain areas in central south Norway and from there the limits decrease in all directions. These maps are assumed to show differences in “climatic forest limits”, but the isoline patterns indicate that factors other than climate may be decisive in most of the areas. Possibly the e...

Approved by the Consultive Council and accepted for publication on September 18, 2005. * Work done at Discipline of Telemedicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo (SP), Brazil. 1 Dermatologist. Discipline of Telemedicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, (SP); Ph.D. Substitute Professor, Department of Dermatology and Radiothe...

Let Ω be a bounded subset of Rn with smooth boundary. We investigate the solvability for a class of the system of the nonlinear elliptic equations with Dirichlet boundary condition. Using the mountain pass theorem we prove that the system has at least one nontrivial solution.

The main objective of transfer learning is to reuse knowledge acquired in a previous learned task, in order to enhance the learning procedure in a new and more complex task. Transfer learning comprises a suitable solution for speeding up the learning procedure in Reinforcement Learning tasks. In this work, we propose a novel method for transferring models to a hybrid reinforcement learning agen...

In this paper, we study the existence and multiplicity of periodic solutions of the following second-order Hamiltonian systems ẍ(t) + V ′(t, x(t)) = 0, where t ∈ R, x ∈ R and V ∈ C(R × R ,R). By using a symmetric mountain pass theorem, we obtain a new criterion to guarantee that second-order Hamiltonian systems has infinitely many periodic solutions. We generalize and improve recent results fro...

Although complexity and vulnerability assessment of mountain landscapes is increasingly taken into consideration, less attention is paid to ecophronesis-based solutions so as to reduce the fragile ecosystem vulnerability. The main propose of this study is to provide an insight of mountain complex landscape vulnerability and propose ecophronesis-based solutions in strategic planning framework fo...

A scheme for introducing mountain wave-induced temperature pertubations in a microphysical PSC model has been developed. A data set of temperature fluctuations attributable to mountain waves as computed by the Mountain Wave Forecast Model (MWFM-2) has been used for the study. The PSC model has variable microphysics, enabling different nucleation mechanisms for nitric acid trihydrate, NAT, to be...