A maternal low-protein diet has been shown to program hypertension and a reduction in glomerular filtration rate in adult offspring. This study examined the effect of continuous administration of enalapril in the drinking water and transient administration of enalapril administered from 21 to 42 days of age on blood pressure and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in male rats whose mothers were f...

Ubiquitylation targets proteins for proteasome-mediated degradation and plays important roles in many biological processes including apoptosis. However, non-proteolytic functions of ubiquitylation are also known. In Drosophila, the inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (DIAP1) is known to ubiquitylate the initiator caspase DRONC in vitro. Because DRONC protein accumulates in diap1 mutant cells that ...

Knowing or being able to measure the “path density” at sources of communications is essential to provide fair capacity distribution between sessions in multi-hop ad hoc networks. We propose and have implemented PDP, a path density recording protocol. In this paper we describe PDP, discuss protocol design options and explain how it was piggybacked onto an existing reactive routing scheme. We ass...

We report on an experiment in which subjects were asked to predict the location of a stimulus based on observation of a series of five events. Unbeknownst to subjects, the location of the sixth event was determined by a double contingency between the second and fourth events in the sequence. This material is therefore highly complex, since the relevant events are embedded in a large number of i...

In this article, starting from a calculation of the internal conductance inside AC and DC plasma display panels ~PDPs!, a simple theoretical model is used to estimate the pressure evolution inside a display during the exhausting process and the lifetime. All the values obtained are then compared to the results of specific measurements carried out on real PDPs. Based on these data, the role of a...

Inhibitory properties of PD-1 receptor engagement on activated T cells are well established in physiologic and pathological contexts. In cancer, the use of checkpoint blockade, such as anti-PD-1 antibodies, becomes progressively a reference treatment of a growing number of tumors. Nonetheless, it is also established that PD-1 expression on antigen-specific T cells reflects the functional avidit...

Aging is not and cannot be programmed. Instead, aging is a continuation of developmental growth, driven by genetic pathways such as mTOR. Ironically, this is often misunderstood as a sort of programmed aging. In contrast, aging is a purposeless quasi-program or, figuratively, a shadow of actual programs.

Various forms of programmed graph replacement systems as extensions of context-sensitive graph replacement systems have been proposed until today. They diier considerably with respect to their underlying graph models, the supported forms of graph replacement rules, and ooered rule regulation mechanisms. Some of them have additional constructs for the deenition of graph schemata, derived graph p...

Programmed cell death is an integral component of C. elegans development. Genetic studies in C. elegans have led to the identification of more than two dozen genes that are important for the specification of which cells should live or die, the activation of the suicide program, and the dismantling and removal of dying cells. Molecular and biochemical studies have revealed the underlying conserv...