A case is described of subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema developing as a complication of lung function tests in an immunocompromised patient with presumed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

BACKGROUND Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare lung disorder, which was first reported as idiopathic condition in 1958. The prevalence of acquired pulmonary alveolar proteinosis has been estimated to be 0.37 per 100,000 population. The cause of this condition is not entirely clear. We present alveolar proteinosis in a case recently treated for pulmonary Pneumocystis carinii infection. CA...

Pneumocystis carinii carinii and rat lung phospholipids contained 3-6% 1-alkyl-2-acyl glycerols composed of the glyceryl ether species, 1-O-octadecyl glycerol (batyl alcohol), 1-O-octadec-9-enyl glycerol (selachyl alcohol), 1-O-hexadecyl glycerol (chimyl alcohol), and 1-O-hexadec-9-enyl glycerol. Of the major phospholipid classes, phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylserine contained the h...

Antifilarial activity of 5/6/7/8-mono- or disubstituted 1 H/1-phenyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indoles (I) has been described. The 1,6- and 8-substituted 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indoles (I) elicited interesting filaricidal activity against Litomosoides carinii and Acanthocheilonema viteae in rodent hosts.

A combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole was effective in the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in cortisonetreated rats. Although all of 15 untreated rats died with P. carinii pneumonitis, none of 15 given trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylactically acquired the infection. After P. carinii pneumonitis was established, 9 of 14 rats recovered after treatme...