BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine how a driver's foot and ankle forces during a frontal vehicle collision depend on initial lower extremity posture and brake pedal force. METHOD OF APPROACH A 2D musculoskeletal model with seven segments and six right-side muscle groups was used. A simulation of a three-second braking task found 3647 sets of muscle activation levels that re...

Background: Excessive range of adductory free moment of the ground reaction force may potentially increase the risk of lower extremity injuries by applying a higher torsional load transmitted to the proximal parts. Objective: It was hypothesized that the free moment pattern might be different between hyper-pronated and normal feet subjects. Moreover, a correlation would exist between peak...

Ontogenetic studies of vertebrate feeding performance can help address questions relevant to foraging ecology. Feeding morphology and performance can either limit access to food resources or open up new trophic niches in both aquatic and terrestrial systems. Loggerhead sea turtles are long-lived vertebrates with complex life histories that are marked by an ontogenetic shift from an oceanic habi...

There are two significant goals in teleoperation systems: Stability and performance. This paper introduces an LMI-based robust control method for bilateral transparent teleoperation systems in presence of model mismatch. The uncertainties in time delay in communication channel, task environment and model parameters of master-slave systems is called model mismatch. The time delay in communicatio...

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between average force, average torque, peak force, and peak torque produced by the knee musculature. Twenty women were assessed for isokinetic concentric and eccentric knee extensor and flexor muscular strength at a velocity of 90 deg/sec. Correlational analyses showed relationships ranging from r = 0.89 to r = 0.94 for concentric exte...