Abstract Spodoptera frugiperda is a newly discovered pest in Indonesia. S. attacks can cause crop failure and significant losses. As preventive control measure, research was conducted to determine the most effective parasitoid controlling . This used egg parasitoids ( Telenomus remus Trichogramma chilotraeae) larval Microplitis manilae ). done by exposing 50 eggs of each ten larvae M. Ten repli...

As parasites coevolve with their hosts, they can evolve counter-defenses that render host immune responses ineffective. These counter-defenses are more likely to evolve in specialist parasites than generalist parasites; the latter face variable selection pressures between the different hosts they infect. Natural populations of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster are commonly threatened by end...

The introduction of an exotic species may alter food webs within the ecosystem and significantly affect the biodiversity of indigenous species at different trophic levels. It has been postulated that recent introduction of the brown marmorated stinkbug (Halyomorpha halys (Stål)) represents an evolutionary trap for native parasitoids, as they accept H. halys egg masses as a host but produce no v...

Histone H4 is highly conserved and forms a central-core nucleosome with H3 in eukaryotic chromatin. Its covalent modification at the protruding N-terminal region from the nucleosomal core can change the chromatin conformation in order to regulate gene expression. A viral H4 was found in the genome of Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV). The obligate host of the virus is an endoparasitoid wasp, ...

FRIENDS WITH BENEFITS; NATURAL ENEMIES AND POLLINATORS IN VIRGINIA CUCURBIT PRODUCTION. James M. Wilson & Thomas P. Kuhar, Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061. Cucurbit production in Virginia provides the commonwealth with melons, pumpkins, summer squashes, and cucumbers, all of which are dependent upon adequate pollination for fruit set and development. Growers ...