Various cysts associated with intraorbital and intracranial portions of the optic nerve have been described. Arachnoid cysts of the optic nerve in association with optic nerve glioma were described by Wolter and McKenney (I964); Holt (I966) described two cases of cysts of the intracranial portion of the optic nerve, and Smith, Hoyt, and Newton (I969) also described cysts of the anterior third o...

1. We recorded intracellularly from X and Y cells of the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus and measured the postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) evoked from electrical stimulation of the optic chiasm. We used an in vivo preparation and computer averaged the PSPs to enhance their signal-to-noise ratio. 2. The vast majority (46 of 50) of our sample of X and Y cells responded to stimulation of the optic ...

Neurologic involvement has been described in 5% of patients with sarcoidosis; however, direct granulomatous involvement limited to the optic nerve but not involving the chiasm is rare. We describe two patients with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis; the fat-suppressed gadolinium-enhanced MR findings showed sarcoid involvement limited to the optic nerves.

OBJECTIVE The aim was to formulate practice guidelines for endocrine evaluation and treatment of pituitary incidentalomas. CONSENSUS PROCESS Consensus was guided by systematic reviews of evidence and discussions through a series of conference calls and e-mails and one in-person meeting. CONCLUSIONS We recommend that patients with a pituitary incidentaloma undergo a complete history and phys...

Optic atrophy is not a disease in itself but a clinical sign. It refers to pallor of the optic disc which results from irreversible damage to the retinal ganglion cells and axons. The axons of the retinal ganglion cells make up the optic nerve and continue onto the optic chiasm, optic tract and up to the lateral geniculate body before they synapse. Injury to the retinal ganglion cells and axons...

OBJECTIVE To describe a patient with a paraneoplastic cerebellar syndrome and optic neuritis with circulating anti-CV2 antibodies and clinical improvement after excision of a small cell lung carcinoma. DESIGN Report of a case. SETTING A 62-year-old man simultaneously developed a severe cerebellar syndrome and a bilateral optic neuritis predominantly in the left eye (visual acuity, 20/25 in ...

The cases presented are rare examples of congenital nystagmus associated with isolated absence of the optic chiasm. MR imaging in both patients demonstrated unremarkable anterior optic pathways and optic tracts. No additional midline central nervous system abnormalities, migrational anomalies, space-occupying lesions, or destructive processes were noted. These cases demonstrate that the achiasm...

The ventral midline of the nervous system is an important choice point at which growing axons decide whether to cross and project contralaterally or remain on the same side of the brain. In Drosophila, the decision to cross or avoid the CNS midline is controlled, at least in part, by the Roundabout (Robo) receptor on the axons and its ligand, Slit, an inhibitory extracellular matrix molecule se...