B acterial, environmental, population related, and individual host factors are major determinants of the outcome of H pylori infection. 2 Many bacterial virulence genes— including the pathogenicity island cagA, the s1m1 vacA alleles, babA2, sabA, and oipA—have been associated with a higher degree of gastric mucosal inflammation, intestinal metaplasia, gastric or duodenal ulcer, gastric adenocar...
