Calcium crystals are present in the synovial fluid of 65%-100% patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and 20%-39% patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study sought to investigate the role of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in calcium mineral formation. We found that numerous genes classified in the biomineral formation process, including bone gamma-carboxyglutamate (gla) protein/osteoca...

Selective CO2 capture and electrochemical conversion are important tools in the fight against climate change. Industrially, is captured using a variety of aprotic solvents due to their high solubility. However, most research efforts on use aqueous media plagued by competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from water breakdown. Fortunately, can circumvent HER, making it develop strategies that...

A nonaqueous fractionation method to obtain highly purified mesophyll chloroplasts from lyophilized leaves of Zea mays L. is described. The levels of several metabolites including pyruvate were determined in the purified mesophyll chloroplast fractions which were prepared from leaves exposed to different light intensities. The role of pyruvate in the regulation of pyruvate,Pi dikinase in these ...

MATERIALS AND METHODS A nonaqueous fractionation method to obtain highly purifled mesophyll chloroplasts from lyophilized leaves ofZea mays L. is described. The levels of several metabolites including pyruvate were determined in the purified mesophyll chloroplast fractions which were prepared from leaves exposed to different light intensities. The role of pyruvate in the regulation of pyruvate,...

Dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) are known to be denser than water and immiscible with other fluids. Once released into the environment, they migrate downward through variably saturated zone, causing severe damage. For this reason, it is essential properly develop a rapid response strategy, including predictions of contaminant migration trajectories from numerical simulations modeling. T...

The alterations of subcellular metabolite levels during the day in spinach leaves have been investigated using nonaqueous density gradient centrifugation to separate chloroplasts, cytosol, and vacuole. The results provide direct evidence for the role of sucrose phosphate synthase and cytosolic fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase in regulating sucrose synthesis in leaves and also show that the phosphate...