Positive spatial dependence is predominant in the spatial data. Therefore, it is not surprising that most of the methodological papers are concerned with the positive spatial dependence (either in terms of spatial lag, spatial error, or both) when evaluating estimation, testing and forecasting procedures [For example, see Anselin, Bera, Florax, and Yoon (1996) and Baltagi, Song, and Koh (2003) ...

We give analytical bounds on the Value-at-Risk and on convex risk measures for a portfolio of random variables with fixed marginal distributions under an additional positive dependence structure. We show that assuming positive dependence information in our model leads to reduced dependence uncertainty spreads compared to the casewhere onlymarginals information is known. Inmore detail, we show t...

This study describes trajectories of substance use and dependence from adolescence to adulthood. Identified consumption groups include heavy drinking/heavy drug use, moderate drinking/experimental drug use, and light drinking/rare drug use. Dependence groups include alcohol only, drug only, and comorbid groups. The heavy drinking/heavy drug use group was at risk for alcohol and drug dependence ...

AIMS To examine whether DSM-IV symptoms of substance dependence are psychometrically equivalent between existing community-sampled and clinically overselected studies. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2476 adult twins born in Minnesota and 4121 unrelated adult participants from a case-control study of alcohol dependence. MEASUREMENTS Life-time DSM-IV alcohol, marijuana and cocaine dependence symptom...

Competition for food, space, or other depletable resources has strong impacts on the fitness of organisms and can lead to a pattern known as negative density dependence, where fitness decreases as population density increases. Yet, many resources that have strong impacts on fitness are nondepletable (e.g., moisture or temperature). How do these nondepletable resources interact with depletable r...

Enhanced negative volume dependence of airway resistance is associated with bronchoconstriction in tracheostomized paralysed open-chest animals. Significant upper airways responses may be associated with bronchoconstriction and could thereby alter the pattern of volume dependence in spontaneously breathing subjects. The aim of the study was to test whether volume dependence of respiratory resis...

BACKGROUND Behavioral addiction is an emerging concept based on the resemblance between symptoms or feelings provided by drugs and those obtained with various behaviors such as gambling, etc. Following an observational study of a tango dancer exhibiting criteria of dependence on this dance, we performed a survey to assess whether this case was unique or frequently encountered in the tango danci...

Many clinicians and researchers hypothesize that tobacco use disorders, regardless of the route of administration, are maintained by the ability of nicotine to regulate positive and negative mood states. The present study (N=137) examined whether certain mood states predicted dependence on either cigarettes or smokeless tobacco and whether specific personality characteristics (e.g., extraversio...