A 50-year coupled atmosphere-ocean model integration is used to study sea surface temperature (SST) and mixed layer depth (h), and the processes which influence them. The model consists of an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to an ocean mixed layer model in ice-free regions. The midlatitude SST variability is simulated fairly well, although the maximum variance is underestimated an...

The Eastern North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water (ESTMW) is a water mass of low potential vorticity (PV) and appears as a weak pycnostad or thermostad. Distinct from other subtropical mode waters, it forms in the absence of a deep winter mixed layer. The formation mechanism of this ESTMW is investigated using an ocean general circulation model that is forced by monthly climatological temperatur...

According to a recent dynamical model, the depth of a well-mixed water column should have contrasting effects on the abundances of sinking and nonsinking phytoplankton taxa. Because of increasing light limitation, nonsinking taxa should decline monotonically with increasing mixing depth, and because of sinking loss limitation at low mixing depths, sinking taxa should peak at intermediate mixing...

In this study, the influence of a geostrophically balanced horizontal density gradient on turbulent convection in the ocean is examined using numerical simulations and a theoretical scaling analysis. Starting with uniform horizontal and vertical buoyancy gradients, convection is driven by imposing a heat loss or a destabilizing wind stress at the upper boundary, and a turbulent layer soon devel...

Abstract In his 1953 paper, Harald Sverdrup argued that the development of a spring bloom in ocean depends on juxtaposition two depth horizons: mixed-layer and critical depth. Mixed-layer shallower than favours phytoplankton growth layer vice versa. However, mathematically, left problem unsolved form transcendental equation. spite high number citations this paper has garnered, solution to equat...