There have been increasing interests in programmable optical add-drop multiplexers (OADM) and wavelength-selective switches in wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) networks. Conventional OADM has one input and one output channels, in addition to an add and a drop channels [l]. It is also called 1x1 OADM. Dynamic OADM with more than one output ports offers greater flexibility and functionality ...

Parallel-plate electrostatic actuators are a simple way to achieve piston motion for large numbers of mirrors in spatial light modulators. However, selection of design parameters is made difficult by their nonlinear behavior. This paper presents simple models for predicting static and dynamic behaviors of fixed–fixed parallel-plate electrostatic actuators. Static deflection equations are derive...

This paper reports a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonant varifocal mirror integrated with piezoresistive focus sensor. The varifocal mirror is driven electrostatically at a resonant frequency of a mirror plate to obtain the wide scanning range of a focal length. A piezoresistor is used to monitor the focal length of the varifocal mirror. The device is made of a silicon-on-insulator (...

A vertically supported, two-axial scanning micromirror with an optical reflection area of 600 μm × 600 μm has been successfully demonstrated using a 2 μm thick standard planar polysilicon surface micromachining process. The micromirror was lifted from the substrate and vertically supported by locking springs and hinges using a micromanipulator under a probe station. It was torsionally actuated ...

In this paper we present a tilting micro mirror with a large mirror surface of up to 2.5 mm x 1.0 mm and a large rotation angle of +/10° as needed for optical projection displays. The mirror is driven by vertical comb-drive actuators which are realized by a combination of deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) and a buried mask to provide selfalignment of the stator and rotor fingers in a silicon on ...

A 2D (6x6) fiber collimator array with a telescope beam expander is incorporated into a 1xN2 wavelengthselective switch ( W S S ) to achieve high port count. The 1xN2 WSS is realized using two cross-scanning 1-axis analog micromirror arrays in a 4-foptical system. We have achieved a 1x9 WSS with a channel spacing of 160 GHz, a fiber-to-fiber insertion loss of 14 dB and a switching time of < 1 m...

Digital micromirror devices (DMD) provide a robust platform with which to implement digital holography, in principle providing the means to rapidly generate propagating transverse electromagnetic fields with arbitrary mode profiles at visible and IR wavelengths. We use a DMD to probe a Fabry-Pérot cavity in single-mode and near-degenerate confocal configurations. Pumping arbitrary modes of the ...

The possibility to perform the tomography of irregularly-shaped rough particles in a flow using multi-view interferometric imaging is investigated. Combining three perpendicular angles views, we reconstruct family possible 3D-shapes from speckle patterns. estimation an error parameter enables elimination erroneous obtain more accurate particle’s volume. principle tested and confirmed experiment...