Biphenyl was successfully degraded by Burkholderia xenovorans LB400, initially described as Pseudomonas sp. LB400, in a solid–liquid wo-phase partitioning bioreactor (TPPB). Solid–liquid TPPBs are comprised of an aqueous, cell containing phase, and a solid polymeric phase hat partitions toxic and/or poorly soluble substrates (in this case biphenyl) based on maintaining a thermodynamic equilibri...

A microbial polysaccharide (glucuronoxylomannan (GXM)) exerts potent immunosuppression by direct engagement to immunoinhibitory receptor FcgammaRIIB. Activation of FcgammaRIIB by GXM leads to the recruitment and phosphorylation of SHIP that prevents IkappaBalpha activation. The FcgammaRIIB blockade inhibits GXM-induced IL-10 production and induces TNF-alpha secretion. GXM quenches LPS-induced T...

a sustained-release tablet formulation should ideally have a proper release profile insensitive to moderate changes in tablet hardness that is usually encountered in manufacturing. in this study, matrix aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) tablets with ethylcellulose (ec), eudragit rs100 (rs), and eudragit s100 (s) were prepared by direct compression. the release behaviors were then studied in two co...

in the present investigation an attempt has been made to increase therapeutic efficacy, to reduce frequency of administration and to improve patient compliance by developing a sustained release matrix tablets of isosorbide-5-mononitrate. sustained release matrix tablets of isosorbide-5-mononitrate were developed by using different drug: polymer ratios, such in f1 (1:0.75), f2 (1:1), f3 (1:1.5),...

hard gelatin capsule filled with acetaminophen, osmotic agent (sorbitol), a release promoter (sodium dodecyl sulfate), coated with a semipermeable cellulose acetate membrane containing a hydrophobic plasticizer (castor oil) and sealed with white bees wax plug was designed. when placed in the sink water penetrates the membrane, dissolves the osmotic agent and increases the osmotic pressure insid...

Objective: The main objective was to isolate and characterise a naturally obtain polysaccharides which have the property to formulate sustain release product. Methods: Tamarind Seed Polysaccharides (TSP) was isolated from seed of Tamarindus indica by crushed the seed into powder and boiled with water at 45 °C to extract the polysaccharides. After boiling for 12 h the supernatant liquids were co...

UNLABELLED Microbial communities have an important role in natural ecosystems and have an impact on animal and human health. Intuitive graphic and analytical tools that can facilitate the study of these communities are in short supply. This article introduces Microbial Community Analysis GUI, a graphical user interface (GUI) for the R-programming language (R Development Core Team, 2010). With t...

Conditions in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) differ from those in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) due to the intrusion of oxygen through the cathode and the release of H(2) gas into solution. Based on 16S rRNA gene clone libraries, anode communities in reactors fed acetic acid decreased in species richness and diversity, and increased in numbers of Geobacter sulfurreducens, when reactors were ...

Although it is widely recognized that microorganisms are essential for sustaining soil fertility, structure, nutrient cycling, groundwater purification, and other soil functions, soil microbial toxicity data were excluded from the derivation of Ecological Soil Screening Levels (Eco-SSL) in the United States. Among the reasons for such exclusion were claims that microbial toxicity tests were too...

An understanding of microbial transport and survival in the subsurface is needed for public health, environmental applications, and industrial processes. Much research has therefore been directed to quantify mechanisms influencing microbial fate, and the results demonstrate a complex coupling among many physical, chemical, and biological factors. Mathematical models can be used to help understa...