A randomized complete block design 2 × 4 experiment was designed and conducted for 15 weeks to characterize the relationships between production of total phenolics, flavonoid, anthocyanin, leaf gas exchange, total chlorophyll, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity in two varieties of Labisia pumila Benth, namely the var. alata and pumila, under four levels of evap...

Background: Xanthine Oxidase activity may increase plasma urates, superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide leading to gout, arthritis cancer. Allopurinol, a known inhibitor, is noted have various adverse effects. Many laboratories are in research projects find alternative inhibitors of XO including plant sources. Plants contain therapeutically effective agents. A. senegalensis, M. sapientum L ...

Extraction methods are very important processes for separation of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants before analyses. Phenolic and flavonoid compounds include a broad variety of structures and functionalities that are required for the production of foods and food additives and there are different methods for the their extraction. In this study, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of leaf...

Polyploidization results in genome duplication and is an important step in evolution and speciation. The Malus genome confirmed that this genus was derived through auto-polyploidization, yet the genetic and meiotic mechanisms for polyploidization, particularly for aneuploidization, are unclear in this genus or other woody perennials. In fact the contribution of aneuploidization remains poorly u...