the authors describe two interesting and seldom cases of atrophia gyrata j and believe it to be a congenital hereditary disease with a recessive character. like retinitis pigmentosa, it does not affect the central posterior parts of the retina but the lesions are around the periphery. the visual fields are narrowed. they discuss; the similarity of this disease with atrophia gyrata described by ...

isolated renal hydatid disease is a rare endemic infestation caused by larval form of echinococcus granulosus . hydatiduria is an uncommon presentation of renal hydatid disease. in 2012 a 34-year-old female referred to razi hospital, rasht, iran with complaints of right flank pain and grape-like material in urine. diagnosis was made by ultrasonography and ct scan. the patient was treated surgic...

introduction: ms disease destroys the myelin of the central nervous system. ms causing damage to the myelin sheath of the brain and the spinal cord. the mechanism is hurt by the immune system .and disruption of myelin producing cells or disconnect interconnected processes by disconnect inner white. ms is an autoimmune disease when leukocyte antigen system varies autoimmune disease like ms sprea...

conclusions patient with cad and ms had higher risk than those with only cad because of lipid and glucose metabolism abnormalities. combination measurements of serum lox-1 and adiponectin levels may be helpful to evaluate the severity of cad together with ms. results serum lox-1 level was highest in cad + ms group; the difference between control and disease groups was statistically significant ...

cystoid macular edema (cme) is a painless disease with different etiologies, which manifests as multiple cyst like (cystoid) spaces in the macula. cme is a common cause of vision loss following cataract surgery. some risk factors for post-cataract surgery cme include intraoperative complications specially incarceration of vitreous in the surgical wound, history of diabetes, uveitis and postoper...

lps-responsive beige-like anchor (lrba) deficiency is a disease which has recently been described in a group of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) in association with autoimmunity and/or inflammatory bowel disease (ibd)-like phenotype. we here describe a 10-year-old boy who experienced recurrent infections, mainly in the respiratory system, associated with thrombocytopenia an...

Background: Behcet’s disease is a recurrent, chronic and multi-systemic disease, which is determined by mucocutaneous manifestations. It spreads all over the world. The most common areas are in the Middle East, Mediterranean and Far East. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of clinical manifestations of Behcet’s disease in patients admitted to dermatology ward ...