The exchange bias has a crucial influence on the key performance parameters of magneroresistive sensor, which wide applications in many fields. This paper presents method that uses Joule heating effect combined with magnetic field to modulate multilayers. By this method, we systematically in-plane (<i>H</i><sub>eb</sub>) inverted (Co/Pt)<sub><i>n</i>&lt...

This study addresses the kinematic, microphysical, and electrical evolution of an isolated convective storm observed on 3 June 2000 during the Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study field campaign. Doppler-derived vertical velocities, radar reflectivity, hydrometeor classifications from polarimetric radar, and Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) charge structures are examined ove...

Inverted papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses are uncommon neoplasms, characterized by their tendency to occur and by their association with malignancy. In the past decade there has been a trend toward the use of endoscopic surgical techniques in the management of these tumors. This article presents the results of a prospective study of24 patients with inverted papilloma resected by...

BACKGROUND Vertical scar reduction mammaplasty has the advantage of reduced scar burden and improved long-term projection of the breasts. The technique has been criticized for being restricted to cases of mild to moderate mammary hypertrophy and is considered more intuitive and difficult to learn when compared with more conventional inverted-T scar reduction mammaplasties. This article describe...

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) emitting at 894.6 nm wavelength have been fabricated for Cs-based atomic clock applications. For polarization control, a previously developed technique relying on the integration of a semiconducting surface grating in the top Bragg mirror of the VCSEL structure is employed. More specifically, we use a socalled inverted grating. The VCSELs are pol...

This paper describes the modeling, simulation, and control of an inverted, ceiling-mounted Stewart platform, designed to be a one-person motion simulator. The dynamic equations of the Stewart platform are derived using the virtual work principle. It is shown by simulations that the leg dynamics can be neglected. A model of the electrohydraulic actuator is derived and then veri ed using experime...

This paper considers how competition can affect aggregate innovative activity through its effects on firms’ decision whether or not to vertically integrate. A moderate increase in competition enhances innovation incentives and too much competition discourages innovative effort. These effects generate an inverted-U relationship between competition and innovation and between competition and the i...