A new 5,5-dimethylphlorin derivative (3H(PhlCF3 )) was prepared and studied through a combination of redox, photophysical, and computational experiments. The phlorin macrocycle is significantly distorted from planarity compared to more traditional tetrapyrrole architectures and displays solvatochroism in the soret region of the UV-vis spectrum (∼370-420 nm). DFT calculations indicate that this ...

C HRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE (CCD) is a genetic disorder characterized by chronic and recurrent pyogenic infections, with abscess and granuloma formation throughout the reticuloendothelial system. Patients’ leukocytes fail to demonstrate the increase in oxygen consumption, hexose monophosphate shunt activity, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, and hydrogen peroxide formation which normally occu...

A copper-catalysed direct radical alkenylation of various benzyl bromides and α-carbonyl alkyl bromides has been developed. Compared with the recent radical alkenylations which mostly focused on secondary or tertiary alkyl halides, this transformation shows good reactivity to primary alkyl halides and tertiary, secondary alkyl halides were also tolerated. The key initiation step of this transfo...

A mild, efficient, and low-temperature palladium-catalyzed cyanation of (hetero)aryl halides and triflates is reported. Previous palladium-catalyzed cyanations of (hetero)aryl halides have required higher temperatures to achieve good catalytic activity. This current reaction allows the cyanation of a general scope of (hetero)aryl halides and triflates at 2-5 mol % catalyst loadings with tempera...

A. Introduction B. Acid-Catalysed Esterification and Transesterification 1. General mechanism 2. Methanolic hydrogen chloride 3. Methanolic sulfuric acid 4. Boron trifluoride-methanol 5. Other acidic catalysts C. Base-Catalysed Transesterification 1. General mechanism 2. Sodium and potassium methoxide catalysts 3. Organic base catalysis D. Diazomethane and Related Reagents 1. Diazomethane and m...

Lactoperoxidase (LPO) belongs to the mammalian peroxidase family and catalyzes the oxidation of halides, pseudo-halides and a number of aromatic substrates at the expense of hydrogen peroxide. Despite the complex physiological role of LPO and its potential involvement in carcinogenic mechanisms, cystic fibrosis and inflammatory processes, little is known on the folding and structural stability ...

Completing our reports concerning the reaction products from calcium halides and the amino acid proline, two different solids were found for the reaction of l- and dl-proline with CaI2. The enanti-opure amino acid yields the one-dimensional coordination polymer catena-poly[[aqua-μ3-l-proline-tetra-μ2-l-proline-dicalcium] tetra-iodide 1.7-hydrate], {[Ca2(C5H9NO2)5(H2O)]I4·1.7H2O} n , (1), with t...

For the few past decades, study of new hydrogen storage materials has been captivating scientists worldwide. Magnesium hydride, MgH2, is considered one most promising due to its low cost, high capacity, reversibility and abundance Mg. However, it requires further research improve performance as some drawbacks such poor dehydrogenation kinetic, operational temperature, which limit practical appl...

A method for the hydroxylation of aryl and heteroaryl halides, promoted by a catalyst based on a biarylphosphine ligand tBuBrettPhos (L5) and its corresponding palladium precatalyst (1), is described. The reactions allow the cross-coupling of both potassium and cesium hydroxides with (hetero)aryl halides to afford a variety of phenols and hydroxylated heteroarenes in high to excellent yield.

A palladium-catalyzed difluoromethylation of a series of heteroaryl chlorides, bromides and iodides under mild conditions is described. A wide range of heteroaryl halides such as pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazyl, funanyl, thienyl, pyazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, and oxazolyl halides were efficiently difluoromethylated, thus providing medicinal chemists an alternative choice for the preparation of d...