Thirty one children with typhoid fever aged 2 months to 12 years and blood culture positive for multidrug resistant S. typhi were prospectively studied for their hepatic functions at the time of hospitalization and 2-3 weeks after completion of antibiotic therapy. Hepatic manifestations included hepatomegaly (51.6%); jaundice (16.1%); raised levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SG...

The liver, the largest organ with multiple synthesis and secretion functions in mammals, consists of hepatocytes and Kupffer, stem, endothelial, stellate and other parenchymal cells. Because of early and extensive contact with the external environment, hepatic ischaemia reperfusion (IR) may result in mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy and apoptosis of cells and tissues under various pathologi...

Hepatic dysfunction during hyperthyroidism frequently occurs with mild abnormalities in liver function tests that are self-limited, improving after treatment of thyroid disease. With the exception of congestive heart failure or secondary hepatic disease, significant hepatic compromise during thyrotoxicosis is rare and often of unexplained origin. This report identifies a novel case of severe he...

The effect of hepatic dysfunction. defined as abnormal serum bilirubin level. on oral cyclosporine (CSP) pharmacokinetics was examined in 28 marrow transplant patients who received CSP for prophylaxis of graft-v-host disease. Serum CSP concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Forty-one concentration-time courses were studied. divided among patients with no (< 1 .2 mg/dL). mild (1.2 to ...

Patients with liver disease have multisystem organ dysfunction that leads to physiological perturbations ranging from hyperbilirubinaemia of no clinical consequence to severe coagulopathy and metabolic disarray. Patient-specific risk factors, clinical scoring systems, and surgical procedures stratify perioperative risk for these patients. The anaesthetic management of patients with hepatic dysf...