نتایج جستجو برای: heme detoxification
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Hookworm glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are critical for parasite blood feeding and survival and represent potential targets for vaccination. Three cDNAs, each encoding a full-length GST protein from the human hookworm Necator americanus (and designated Na-GST-1, Na-GST-2, and Na-GST-3, respectively) were isolated from cDNA based on their sequence similarity to Ac-GST-1, a GST from the dog h...
Globins are oxygen-binding heme proteins present in bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, and animals. Their functions have diverged widely in evolution, and include binding, transport, scavenging, detoxification, and sensing of gases like oxygen, nitric oxide, and carbon monoxide. Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a recently discovered monomeric globin with high affinity for oxygen and preferential localizati...
Unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) are secreted fungal enzymes with promiscuity for oxygen transfer and oxidation reactions. Functionally, they represent hybrids of P450 monooxygenases and heme peroxidases; phylogenetically they belong to the family of heme-thiolate peroxidases. Two UPOs from the basidiomycetous fungi Agrocybe aegerita (AaeUPO) and Marasmius rotula (MroUPO) converted 35 out of 40 ...
Tetrapyrroles such as chlorophyll and heme play a vital role in primary plant metabolic processes such as photosynthesis and respiration. Over the past decades, extensive genetic and molecular analyses have provided valuable insights into the complex regulatory network of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis. However, tetrapyrroles are also implicated in abiotic stress tolerance, although the mechanis...
Through a multiplex promoter spanning 218 kb, the phase II UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A (UGT1) gene encodes at least eight differently regulated mRNAs whose protein products function as the principal means to eliminate a vast array of steroids, heme metabolites, environmental toxins, and drugs. The orphan nuclear receptors pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) w...
Although whole-parasite vaccine strategies for malaria infection have regained attention, their immunological mechanisms of action remain unclear. We find that immunization of mice with a crude blood stage extract of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum elicits parasite antigen-specific immune responses via Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 and that the malarial heme-detoxification byproduct, he...
Heme is an iron-containing complex involved in fundamental cellular functions including oxygen transport. Free heme accumulation blood, during intravascular hemolysis and other pathological conditions, triggers vascular dysfunction, pro-inflammatory, prothrombotic cascade. Studies by May et al present a novel finding that ligand for RAGE binds to the V domain of induces oligomerization. Further...
In malaria pathophysiology, divergent hypotheses on the inhibition of hematin crystallization posit that drugs act either by the sequestration of soluble hematin or their interaction with crystal surfaces. We use physiologically relevant, time-resolved in situ surface observations and show that quinoline antimalarials inhibit β-hematin crystal surfaces by three distinct modes of action: step pi...
AIMS Chloroquine (CQ) kills Plasmodium falciparum by binding heme, preventing its detoxification to hemozoin in the digestive vacuole (DV) of the parasite. CQ resistance (CQR) is associated with mutations in the DV membrane protein P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (PfCRT), mediating the leakage of CQ from the DV. However, additional factors are thought to contribute to the resis...
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