Government spending multiplier is usually defined as a factor of proportionality that measures how much output changes in response to a change in the exogenous government spending shock. This assumption is inconsistent with the reality that fiscal stimulus are themselves endogenous and state dependent. This paper developed a endogenous regime switching framework in a rational expectation DSGE m...

We present the results of a survey which utilizes the NICMOS Camera 3 Parallel grism and imaging observations of random fields. We have identified 33 Hα emission-line galaxies at 0.75 < z < 1.9. The inferred co-moving number density of these objects is 3.3×10 h350 Mpc , very similar to that of the bright Lyman break objects at z ∼ 3. The mean star formation rate of these galaxies 21 M⊙ yr −1 fo...

It is greatly expected that the relic neutrino background from past supernovae is detected by Superkamiokande (SK) which is now under construction. We calculate the spectrum and the event rate at SK systematically by using the results of simulations of a supernova explosion and reasonable supernova rates. We also investigate the e ect of a cosmological constant, , on the spectrum, since some re...

Fault-seal analysis has long been applied for predicting potential hydrocarbon column mitigating risk in exploration and appraisals. Than Nong 1B structure Block 05-1(a), located nearby Dai Hung field, is a fault-bounding structure; thus, the fault seal capacity plays major role trapping hydrocarbon. In this study, H50 reservoir taken as an example of how fault-bounded prospects are evaluated 0...

This paper delivers a precise recommendation for how presidential candidates should allocate their resources to maximize the probability of gaining a majority in the Electoral College. A two-candidate, probabilistic-voting model reveals that more resources should be devoted to states which are likely to be decisive in the electoral college and, at the same time, have very close state elections....

AIM To identify proteins that are differentially expressed in cells derived from normal and diseased tunica albuginea (TA) as related to Peyronie's disease (PD). METHODS Cells with characteristics of fibroblasts were isolated from two tissue sources. Those from the plaque of patients with PD were designated as PT cells, and those from the normally-appearing TA of the same patients were design...

Imaging at 1.25 and 2.20 mm has been obtained of the field containing the galaxy (RD1) found at redshift by Dey et al. This galaxy has been detected at 1.25 mm, while the lower redshift ( ) galaxy z 5 5.34 z 5 4.02 also found in the same field by Dey et al. was detected at both 1.25 and 2.20 mm. Comparison to stellar population synthesis models indicates that if RD1 is a young ( yr) galaxy, sig...

This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF. The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate. A well-functioning public expenditure management (PEM) system...

This paper aims to analyse the economic impact of Covid-19 pandemic on ethnic minorities. The focus is minorities in London, particularly before and during pandemic. We investigated discriminatory practices towards downturn caused by These are primarily related labour market sectors occupations most affected used Government data UK's different groups London Datastore, an open data-sharing porta...