Wolfram syndrome 1 is a very rare monogenic disease resulting in a complex of disorders including diabetes mellitus. Up to now, insulin has been used to treat these patients. Some of the monogenic forms of diabetes respond preferentially to sulphonylurea preparations. The aim of the current study was to elucidate whether exenatide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, and glipizide, a sulphonylurea, are e...

Sulfonylureas and glinides have similar mechanisms of action but differ in receptor affinity and binding sites and in absorption and elimination rates. This promotes differences in potency, rate of onset, and duration of action. While prominent in single-dose studies, these differences have less importance during long-term sulfonylurea treatment: at ordinary dosages, rapid- and short-acting (gl...

K(ATP) channels are important for insulin secretion and depolarization of vascular smooth muscle. In view of the importance of drugs affecting K(ATP) channels in the treatment of diabetes, we investigated the effects of these channels on splanchnic blood perfusion in general and pancreatic islet blood flow in particular. We treated anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats with the K(ATP) channel opener...

Floating microspheres have been utilized to obtain prolonged and uniform release of drug in the stomach for development of once-daily formulations. A controlled-release system designed to increase residence time in the stomach without contact with the mucosa was achieved through the preparation of floating microspheres by the emulsion solvent diffusion technique, using (i) calcium silicate (CS)...

OBJECTIVE To study the long term cardiovascular effects of oral antidiabetic agents in non-diabetic patients with insulin resistance. PATIENTS 181 African American subjects with insulin resistance and normal glucose tolerance test were randomised to receive glipizide 5 mg/day (n = 25), metformin 500 mg/day (n = 59), or placebo (n = 97) for 24 months. Insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, li...