Histamine plays an important role in the regulation of gastric acid secretion; however, its role in maintenance of gastric morphology remains unclear. To clarify the necessity of histamine for gastric mucosal development and maintenance, we evaluated two different kinds of mice that lacked either mast cells (one of the gastric histamine-producing cell types) or histidine decarboxylase (HDC; a h...

Gastric juice cultures were positive in all patients with gastric disorders and 44% with duodenal ulcers. A positive correlation was observed between pH and positivity of gastric cultures (JPMA 32:282, 1982).

Fenwick (1870) was the first to discover that patients with pernicious anaemia have a deficiency of gastric pepsin, and this observation has been amply confirmed (Stockton, 1904; Levine and Ladd, 1921 ; Teschendorf, 1927; Faber, 1927; Faber and Holst, 1928 ; Johansen, 1929; Polland and Bloomfield, 1930; Castle, Heath, and Strauss, 1931 ; Davies, 1931 ; Wilkinson, 1932; Helmer, Fouts, and Zerfas...

Equine gastric secretion was studied using a gastric cannula model after fasting (basal) and pentagastrin infusion. Gastric secretory rate, pH, osmolality, and electrolyte concentrations and outputs were determined over a 5-h period. Dose-response tests estimated that the maximally effective intravenous dose of pentagastrin was between 3 and 6 micrograms.kg-1.h-1. Basal secretory rate was 278 +...

The effects of preoperative oral administration of 150 ml fluid were studied prospectively in 140 unpremedicated, ambulatory outpatients presenting for first trimester therapeutic abortion. Intraoperative gastric fluid volume, pH, and rate of gastric emptying were measured in the four groups to which patients were randomly assigned. At an average time of 2 1/2 hr preoperatively all patients rec...

We examined the effect of L-lactic acid on calcium absorption in male Wistar rats made achlorhydric by dietary omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor. The dietary omeprazole intake (0.03 g/100 g of diet) increased the gastric pH and decreased the apparent calcium absorption ratio. Dietary famotidine (0.03 g/100 g of diet), an H2-receptor antagonist, and lower doses of omeprazole (0.005 or 0.01 g/1...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative anxiety on the gastric pH and volume. We studied 96 female patients aged 16-60 yr who underwent elective gynecological surgery. We classified the subjects into 2 groups, those presenting preoperative anxiety scores using visual analogue scale (VAS, 0-10) less than 5 (L-group, n=59), and those with 5 and more (H-group, n=37). Immed...

Lactoferrin (LF), an iron-binding glycoprotein present in milk and other endocrine and exocrine secretions, may exert a number of physiologic effects in the intestines. To study the effects of oral LF supplementation in vivo in the gastrointestinal tract, information about the gastric survival of LF in vivo is important. We tested 12 healthy volunteers (age 21 +/- 0.3 y) on 3 separate d accordi...

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel study was conducted in adult females to evaluate the efficacy andsafety of a combination of cimetidine 300 mg orally and metoclopramide 10 or 20 mg intravenously in reducing pre-operative residual gastric volume and raising gastric pH. The effect of preoperative metoclopramide on postoperative nausea and vomiting was also investigated. Ora...