OBJECTIVE The combination of a single pedicle local flap with tattooing for complete nipple areola complex (NAC) reconstruction is currently the most supported method. Although many technical descriptions of NAC reconstruction exist in the medical literature, there are no data that define the ideal areola size (diameter of the areola) after bilateral mastectomy and breast reconstruction conside...

Diffuse biliary papillomatosis is a rare bile duct tumour. We report a case of multiple biliary papillomatosis treated surgically with a transhepatic stent. Diffuse biliary papillomatosis involving intra and extrahepatic bile ducts is extremely rare. It is regarded as having low grade malignant potential. In this report a case of diffuse biliary papillomatosis with obstructive jaundice is prese...

Cutaneous involvement in renal disease is due to a host of factors ranging from metabolic disturbances to immunosuppressive drugs. Herein we report a series of six cases of renal failure with varied cutaneous manifestations ranging from infections to neoplasms due to prolonged immunosuppression. Our first case had cutaneous cryptococcosis where skin lesions gave a clue to the diagnosis of alter...

Abstract Cutaneous reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, also known as cutaneous pseudolymphoma, is an uncommon entity in which there are skin lesions that histologically, and sometimes clinically, mimic lymphoma but not, both morphologically immunohistochemically. Correlating clinical, pathological, immunohistochemical and, occasionally, molecular findings essential for the diagnosis (Romero-Perez D,...

To cite: Manupati S, Ahmed FZ. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2016214720 DESCRIPTION A 70-year-old woman with ischaemic cardiomyopathy was admitted and treated for de-compensated congestive cardiac failure (CCF). She had previously received treatment for recurrent episodes of lower limb cellulitis and reported progressively worsening swelling inte...

Although papillomaviruses (PVs) have been widely reported in vertebrates, there have been only a few PV reports in yaks (Bos grunniens). In 2012, Bam et al. reported bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) and BPV-2 associated with cutaneous papillomatosis in yaks, which provided genomic and pathology information for yak PVs. However, nucleotide identity and phylogenic analyses revealed that there...