Infidelity poses threats to high-investment mating relationships. Because of gender differences in some aspects of reproductive biology, such as internal female fertilization, the nature of these threats differs for men and women. Men, but not women, for example, have recurrently faced the problem of uncertainty in their genetic parenthood. Jealousy is an emotion hypothesized to have evolved to...

I N T H I S i s s u e o f t h e ARCHIVES, Dr Nancy Andreasen proposes a “unitary” neural circuit–cognitive dysfunction model for understanding schizophrenia. This commentary will review Andreasen’s scholarly article with a focus on (1) the continued search for specific neural circuit abnormalities in schizophrenia and their associated “signature” cognitive deficits; (2) how these neural circuit...

The re-evaluation of the scientific method at the 20th marked the inductive method as the scientific reasoning. In the contemporary science, the falsifiability plays an important role. Particularly, the science is considered to be a collection of proposition which describe the observational realities which can be falsify throughout the empirical experiments. Economics as a contemporary science ...

We assume that the concept of a multiverse makes sense, and suggest a specific, standardized definition for member universes which are similar to our own. Central to this description is the definition of size, which is taken to be the asymptotic value, at large times, of the inverse Hubble constant. Thus the cosmological constant plays a central role in defining the properties of the subset of ...

The physiological responses of simple and complex cells in the primary visual cortex (V1) have been studied extensively and modeled at different levels. At the functional level, the divisive normalization model (DNM; Heeger DJ. Vis Neurosci 9: 181-197, 1992) has accounted for a wide range of single-cell recordings in terms of a combination of linear filtering, nonlinear rectification, and divis...

It has been claimed that the observed magnitude of the vacuum energy density is consistent with the distribution predicted in anthropic models, in which an ensemble of universes is assumed. This calculation is revisited, without making the assumption that the CMB temperature is known, and considering in detail the possibility of a recollapsing universe. New accurate approximations for the growt...

Ecosystem fluxes of energy, water, and CO2 result in spatial and temporal variations in atmospheric properties. In principle, these variations can be used to quantify the fluxes through inverse modelling of atmospheric transport, and can improve the understanding of processes and falsifiability of models. We investigated the influence of ecosystem fluxes on atmospheric CO2 in the vicinity of th...

White (2012) proposed that kinematic features in a visual percept are matched to stored representations containing information regarding forces (based on prior haptic experience) and that information in the matched, stored representations regarding forces is then incorporated into visual perception. Although some elements of White's (2012) account appear consistent with previous findings and th...

Cognitive architectures—task-general theories of the structure and function of the complete cognitive system—are sometimes argued to be more akin to frameworks or belief systems than scientific theories. The argument stems from the apparent non-falsifiability of existing cognitive architectures. Newell was aware of this criticism and argued that architectures should be viewed not as theories su...