1. McKinsey’s reductio argument: Externalism and self-knowledge In ‘Anti-individualism and privileged access’ (1991), Michael McKinsey asks us to consider the following three propositions, where ‘E’ says that some particular externalist condition for thinking that water is wet is met: (1) Oscar knows a priori that he is thinking that water is wet. (2) The proposition that Oscar is thinking that...

verbally, methodologically, formalistically and graphically. On the web site several articles and books in English, German and Slovenian (Meditations) are published free of charge. At the beginning, there are Basic axioms for formula composition as syntactically as partially semantic set of the very basic rules, defining the so-called informational-conscious externalism, internalism, metaphysic...

In this paper, I explore the consequences of the thesis that externalism and internalism are (possibly, but as we will see not necessarily, opposite) metaphysical doctrines on the individuation conditions of a thought. If I am right, this thesis primarily entails that at least some naturalist positions on the ontology of the mind, namely the reductionistic ones, are hardly compatible with both ...

In reference to the philosophical theology of medieval Islamic theologian Ibn Taymiyya, this essay outlines a parallel between Taymiyyan thought and Alvin Plantinga's thesis 'Reformed Epistemology'. critiquing previous attempt build an account 'Islamic externalism', model offers that can be seen as wholly 'Plantingian'.

‘Epistemic’ theories of vagueness notoriously claim that (despite the appearances to the contrary) all of our vague terms have sharp boundaries; it’s just that we can’t know what they are. Epistemic theories are typically criticized for failing to explain (1) the source of the ignorance postulated, and (2) how our terms could come to have such precise boundaries. Both of these objections will, ...

Semantic externalism in contemporary philosophy of language typically – and often tacitly – combines two supervenience claims about idiolectical meaning (i.e., meaning in the language system of an individual speaker). The first claim is that the meaning of a word in a speaker’s idiolect may vary without any variation in her intrinsic, physical properties. The second is that the meaning of a wor...