It is known that the clock-period can be shorter than the maximum of signal-delays between registers if the clock arrival time to each register is properly scheduled. The algorithm to design an optimal clock-schedule was given. In this paper, we propose a clock-tree routing algorithm that realizes a given clock-schedule using the Elmore-delay model. Following the deferred-merge-embedding (DME) ...

Transistor tapering is a widely used technique applied to optimize the geometries of CMOS transistors in high-performance circuit design with a view to minimizing the delay of a FET network. Currently, in a long FET network where MOS devices are stacked over one another to form a series chain network, the dimensions of the transistors are decreased from the bottom transistor to the top transist...

In the design of high performance VLSI systems, minimization of clock skew is an increasingly important objective. Additionally, wirelength of clock routing trees should be minimized in order to reduce system power requirements and deformation of the clock pulse at the synchronizing elements of the system. In this paper, we rst present the Deferred-Merge Embedding (DME) algorithm, which embeds ...

We present an accurate new approach to timing-driven partitioning and placement that is particularly suited to deep submicron technology, and to the large circuits that are implemented on such chips. We present rationale for why iterative-improvement based partition-driven placement should be the approach of choice for optimizing any objective like timing, power and area. We establish desirable...

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Because in situ techniques for determining vegetation even when applied to areas of low vegetation cover, the SMA approach correctly determined the sense of change abundance in semiarid regions are labor intensive, they usually are not feasible for regional analyses. Remotely (i.e., positive or negative) in 87% of the samples. SMA results are superior to NDVI, which, although correlated sensed ...

Published in Agron. J. 104:1747–1756 (2012) doi:10.2134/agronj2012.0231 Copyright © 2012 by the American Society of Agronomy, 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711. All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without perm...

Previously novel histone-derived antimicrobial peptides (HDAPs) were designed based on properties of Buforin 2, a peptide whose activity depends on membrane translocation, and DesHDAP1 and DesHDAP3 showed significant antibacterial activity. Their DNA binding, permeabilization, and translocation abilities were assessed independently and compared to antibacterial activity to determine whether the...