BACKGROUND Leptin influences the proinflammatory immune responses and has angiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. The objective of this study was to evaluate the peritoneal fluid levels of leptin in patients with endometriosis and idiopathic infertility and compare them with a control group of tubal ligation/reanastomosis patients. METHODS In this observational, prospective controlled study...

A 24-year-old primigravida presented with subacute ectopic pregnancy and had salpingectomy for a ruptured tubal pregnancy involving the ampullary portion of the left fallopian tube. Post-operative follow-up revealed continuing symptoms of pregnancy and increasing uterine size. A diagnosis of multiple pregnancy was confirmed by abdominal ultrasonography. The patient was managed to term and had n...

Naturaly blastocyte implants in the uterine cavity.implantation of blastocyst in anyplace other than the endometrial lining of the uterine cavity is considered an ectopic pregnancy.more than 95% of ectopic pregnancies are tubal pregnancies.ovarian ectopic pregnancy is a rare case with an estimated incidence ranging from % 0.05-1 of the extra uterine pregnancies.if one blastocytes implant simult...

BACKGROUND Tubal ligation can be a controversial method of birth control, depending on the patient's circumstances and the physician's beliefs. METHODS In a national survey of 1800 US obstetrician-gynecologist (Ob/Gyn) physicians, we examined how patients' and physicians' characteristics influence Ob/Gyns' advice about, and provision of, tubal ligation. Physicians were presented with a vignet...

The incidence of ectopic pregnancy in the general population is approximately 1%. This risk increases to 5% following tubal anastomosis. Ectopic pregnancy may cause life-threatening hemorrhage. Morbidity and mortality associated with an extrauterine pregnancy are directly related to the length of time required for diagnosis and treatment. Laparoscopy is the gold standard for surgical managemen...

BACKGROUND Female sterilization by tubal ligation is a safe, extremely effective, and permanent way to limit childbearing. It is the most popular modern contraceptive method worldwide. The simplest way to provide tubal ligation is by a procedure called minilaparotomy, generally performed with the client under local anesthesia with systemic sedation and analgesia. In Tanzania, unmet need for fam...

Bilateral spontaneous tubal ectopic pregnancy is the rarest form of extra uterine pregnancy. The diagnosis is usually made intraoperatively and levels of serum BHCG and ultrasound has not been useful in the diagnosis of bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancy. A 33-year-old woman with 8 weeks amenorrhea and sever lower abdominal pain was admitted. A transvaginal pelvic ultrasound revealed left adnexa...

BACKGROUND Bilateral tubal pregnancies in the absence of preceding induction of ovulation are a rare occurrence, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 725 to 1 in 1580 ectopic pregnancies. They are usually diagnosed at the time of surgery. CASE We report a case of spontaneous bilateral tubal pregnancies diagnosed intraoperatively. Conservative laparoscopic tubal surgery was used to treat the ec...