Background. Colorectal cancer is the third commonest malignancy and second leading cause of death in world. 5-Fluorouracyl-based chemotherapy primary treatment modality for colorectal cancer. Cancer stem cells are known to be responsible resistance. Lgr5 a cell marker that target gene Wnt signaling. potentiates signaling pathway through inhibition regulator inhibits overexpression associated wi...

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a principal mediator of signal transduction in the cell, and disruption of its normal function (a mechanism known as ER stress) has been associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases. ER stress has been demonstrated to contribute to onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) by induction of multiple inflammatory signaling pathways. Recent studies...

OBJECTIVE Susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is closely associated with HLA-DRB1 alleles encoding a shared epitope (SE) in positions 70-74 of the HLA-DRbeta chain. The mechanistic basis for this association is unknown. Given the proposed pathogenic role of nitric oxide (NO) in RA, this study was undertaken to examine whether the SE can trigger NO signaling events. METHODS The intrace...

TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) death receptors (DR) regulate apoptosis and inflammation, but their role in antiviral defense is poorly understood. Cytomegaloviruses (CMV) encode many immune-modulatory genes that shape host immunity, and they utilize multiple strategies to target the TNF-family cytokines. Here we show that the m166 open reading frame (orf) of mouse CMV (MCMV) is s...

This is an admirable little monograph from an admirable series of little volumes. Not merely the layman, but also the medical man and the research worker will be interested in Dr Singers well written, carefully compiled and useful little book. Commencing with ancient days he reviews in turn Aristotle s viewswho regarded the heart as the seat of intelligence and the source of bodily heat; the vi...

Author Disclosure Drs Hellström-Westas, Rosén, and de Vries have been involved in development or testing of the instruments (BrainZ [BrainZ Instruments Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand], Olympic 6000 [Olympic Medical, Seattle, Washington], and Nervus Monitor [Viasys, Nicolet Biomedical, Madison, Wisconsin]) from which records are shown in this article. None has an economic interest in the production ...