Localized spectroscopic measurements of optical properties are invaluable for diagnostic applications that involve layered tissue structures, but conventional spectroscopic techniques lack exact control over the size and depth of the probed tissue volume. We show that low-coherence spectroscopy (LCS) overcomes these limitations by measuring local attenuation and absorption coefficient spectra i...

Topical ethanol is used as a dermal penetration enhancer in some commercial products. Previous studies have demonstrated that chronic ethanol consumption can also disrupt skin barrier function, leading to increased transdermal penetration. This observation becomes much more relevant if a single drinking episode induces similar changes. The purpose of this study was thus to examine the transderm...

An in vitro human percutaneous absorption study was conducted to assess the delivery of ketoprofen and testosterone from two base formulations, a Pluronic lecithin organogel and Pentravan Cream. Each formulation was applied to ex vivo human trunk skin (from three skin donors) on triplicate sections mounted onto Franz Diffusion Cells. Following a 5-mcL/cm2 applied dose, serial dermal receptor so...

A physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model was developed to simulate the concentration and effects of low-level chemical warfare agents (CWA) in the Göttingen minipig. The model code was written to account for absorption of CWAs from multiple sites (respiratory tract – lower and upper, dermal, ocular) after vapor exposure. Literature references to minipig physiology...

antibiotic resistance to microorganisms is one of the major problems faced in the field of wound care in burns patients. silver nanoparticles have come up as potent antimicrobial agent and are being evaluated in diverse medical applications ranging from silver based dressings to silver coated medical devices. we aimed in present study to test the release of nanosilver from nanosilver wound dres...

Workers, both in the military and the commercial airline industry, are exposed to jet fuel by inhalation and dermal contact. We present a dermatotoxicokinetic (DTK) model that quantifies the absorption, distribution, and elimination of aromatic and aliphatic components of jet fuel following dermal exposures in humans. Kinetic data were obtained from 10 healthy volunteers following a single dose...