Scientific Summary: CD11c DCs play a major role in both the initiation and progression of autoimmune inflammatory disease in the CNS. Since the CNS serves as the primary site where activation of pathogenic Th1/Th17 cells specific for endogenous myelin epitopes (i.e., epitope spreading), which play a critical role in driving progressive autoimmune disease, the current data suggests that the infl...

SARS-COV-2 is a neurotropic virus that can trigger large-scale outbreak of neurological complications in the future. has neuroinvasive and properties allow it to enter central nervous system (CNS) infect neurons, accumulate tissue promote development delayed neurodegenerative processes. Among SARS-CoV-2 date, we distinguish group demyelinating lesions CNS. The paper describes two cases severe C...

Demyelinating diseases alter myelin or the coating surrounding most nerve fibers in central and peripheral nervous systems. The grouping of human system demyelinating disorders today includes multiple sclerosis (MS) neuromyelitis optica spectrum (NMOSD) as distinct disease categories. Each is caused by a complex combination genetic environmental variables, many involving an autoimmune response....

Over the past 5 years, our knowledge has been significantly enhanced in the field of immune-mediated inflammatory disorders of central nervous system in children. These exciting developments along with identification of novel autoimmune markers have provided new diagnostic approaches and, more important, have led to appropriate immunotherapy to halt disease progression and prevent relapses. Rec...

Neurologic disease diagnosis and treatment is challenging. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease with few clinical forms and uncertain etiology. Current studies suggest that it is likely caused by infection(s) triggering a systemic immune response resulting in antigen/non-antigen-related autoimmune response in central nervous system (CNS). New therapeutic approaches are ...

Class I and class II MHC-restricted T cells specific for proteins present in myelin have been shown to be involved in autoimmunity in the central nervous system (CNS). It is not yet known whether CD1d-restricted T cells reactive to myelin-derived lipids are present in the CNS and might be targeted to influence the course of autoimmune demyelination. Using specific glycolipid-CD1d tetramers and ...

The primary function of the immune response is protection of the host against infection with pathogens, including viruses. Since viruses can infect any tissue of the body, including the central nervous system (CNS), it is logical that cells of the immune system should equally have access to all tissues. Nevertheless, the brain and spinal cord are noted for their lack of immune presence. Relativ...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Most evidence supports the autoimmune pathogenesis of the disease. According to this hypothesis, the activation of autoreactive T-cells is a central event in the development of autoimmune response in MS. We examined molecular events involved in the initiation of autoimmune response in MS...

Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy is an autoimmune disease with progressive and relapsing courses. The main clinical presentations are diffuse deep tendon hyporeflexia or areflexia and symmetric proximal-distal muscles weakness. Myasthenia gravis is also an immune mediated disease with fluctuating ocular and bulbar symptoms and sometimes weakness. Although both myasthenia gravis...