Spend your time even for only few minutes to read a book. Reading a book will never reduce and waste your time to be useless. Reading, for some people become a need that is to do every day such as spending time for eating. Now, what about you? Do you like to read a book? Now, we will show you a new book enPDFd seeking consensus a clarification and defense of altered nuclear transfer essay that ...

We propose an efficient blind certification protocol with interesting properties. It falls in the Groth-Sahai framework for witness-indistinguishable proofs, thus extended to a certified signature it immediately yields non-frameable group signatures. We use blind certification to build an efficient (offline) e-cash system that guarantees user anonymity and transferability of coins without incre...

Electronic cash; Payment systems; Untraceable; Date attachable. Abstract Eslami and Talebi (2011) [25] proposed an untraceable electronic cash scheme and claimed that their scheme protects the anonymity of customers, detects the identity of double spenders and provides the date attachability of coins to manage the bank database. In this paper, illustrating Eslami and Talebi’s scheme, as one of ...

This article discusses the great performance of Azerbaijani Armed Forces in Second Karabakh War, clarifies features Azerbaijan's military operations typical modern wars and explains reasons for victory from different perspectives prisms. The analyzes Army War through spectrum generational war theory makes case that it is a 5th generation context Western history 6th Russia. According to author, ...

Purpose — This study examines the effect of Government Expenditure (GE) on key sectors economy and Stock Market Performance (SMP) in Nigeria.Method Statistics Bulletin published by Central Bank Nigeria (CBN) was utilized as source for time series data between 1980 2021. SMP is proxied with MCAP ASI while expenditure agriculture, defense, education, health formed components government expenditur...

In a privatization competition, private contractors bid against an in-house team to perform a governmental function that is currently performed by the in-house team. The Department of Defense initiated 3,500 privatization competitions from 1978 to 1994, generating estimated annual savings of $1.46 billion. We estimate a reduced-form model of the savings from these competitions that takes into a...

Abstract This research endeavors to demonstrate how military spending contributes increased peace, protection, security, and the safety of a nation’s population. War, however, reveals dishonesty in peacetime with terrible clarity. The Russian invasion Ukraine 2022, accompanied by rise defense budgets, could offer impetus for reorganizing collaborative programs. risks Europe must be identified a...

This study aims to examine the effect of investment and consumption spending on Indonesia’s economic growth. The data used is the quarterly time series data from the first quarter of year 2003 to the fourth quarter of year 2013, comprising consumption spending, investment and economic growth. For the purpose of analysis, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model is used. The result of the...