We conducted the micronucleus assay in 3-, 5-, 7-, 9-, 11- and 13-week-old male rats to determine whether the results varied with age. We administered cyclophosphamide orally at 0 (vehicle), 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg, twice, 24 h apart, to five rats per dosage group and collected bone marrow and peripheral blood 24 h after the second treatment. We observed an age-related decrease in micronucleus-induci...

OBJECTIVE To determine the in vitro toxicity of different concentrations of sevoflurane in cells exposed to X-ray. METHODS The genotoxic effects of sevofluorane were studied by means of the micronucleus test in cytokinesis-blocked cells of irradiated human lymphocytes. Subsequently, its cytotoxic effects on PNT2 (normal prostate) cells was determined using the cell viability test (MTT) and co...

Coal mining is one of the most important causes of environmental pollution, as large quantities of coal dust particles are emitted. Colombia-South America has large natural coal reserves and "El Cerrejón" is the world's largest open-cast mine located in the northern department of Guajira. The aim of the present study was to evaluate genotoxic effects in a population exposed to coal residues fro...

BACKGROUND There is an urgent need to improve lung cancer outcome by identifying and validating markers of risk. We previously reported that the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay (CBMN) is a strong predictor of lung cancer risk. Here, we validate our findings in an independent external lung cancer population and test discriminatory power improvement of the Spitz risk prediction model upon ...

Wide varieties of people are exposed to ionizing radiation and are potentially at an increased risk for adverse health effects. Included are victims of nuclear fallout, victims of nuclear terrorism, workers in the nuclear power industry, waste clean-up crews, people living in homes surrounding nuclear plants or research laboratories with radiological facilities, patients undergoing routine diag...

background : we intend to study the inhibitory effect of sulfur compound in ramsar hot spring mineral on tumor-genesis ability of high natural background radiation. objective : the radioprotective effect of sulfur compounds was previously shown on radiation-induced chromosomal aberration, micronuclei in mouse bone marrow cells and human peripheral lymphocyte. ramsar is known for having the high...

background : there are growing evidences for chromosomal radioadaptive response in human lymphocytes . highly variable inter- and intra-individual responses have been reported. some individuals are non-responders and even in some donors the frequency of chromatid aberrations induced by a challenge dose increases by pre-exposure to an adapting dose. it has been proposed that the lack of radioada...

The chalcone (E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one), or 2HMC, displays antileishmanial, antimalarial, and antioxidant activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, and protective effects of 2HMC using the Ames mutagenicity test, the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test, and the comet assay in mice. In the assessment using the Ames ...

Endophytic fungi are fungi that colonize internal tissues of plants; several biologically active compounds have been isolated from these fungi. There are few studies of compounds isolated from endophytic fungi of Amazon plants. Thus, this study aimed the isolation and structural identification of ergosterol (1), ergosterol peroxide (2), mevalonolactone (3), cytochalasin B (4) and cytochalasin H...

The genus Miconia comprises approximately 1000 species belonging to the Melastomataceae family. Several crude plant extracts from Miconia and their isolated compounds have shown biological activities, such as analgesic and anti-neoplastic action; however, no studies concerning their effects on DNA are available. The present study aimed to evaluate, in vivo, the genotoxic and mutagenic effects o...