Despite an increased interest in complex independent component analysis (ICA) during the last two decades, a closed-form expression for the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) of the complex ICA problem has not yet been established. In this paper, we fill this gap for the noiseless case and circular sources. The CRB depends on the distributions of the sources only through two characteristic values which can...

Simultaneous estimation of range and angle of close emitters usually requires a multidimensional search. This paper offers an algorithm to improve the position of an element of any array designed on the basis of some certain or random rules. In the proposed method one element moves on its original direction, i.e., keeping the vertical distance to each source, to reach the constellation with les...

BACKGROUND Patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) often require hospitalisation. CRB-65 is a simple and useful scoring system to predict mortality. However, prognostic factors such as underlying disease and blood oxygenation are not included despite their potential to increase the performance of CRB-65. METHODS The study included 1172 consecutive patients (830 inpatients, 342 outpat...

The Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) offers a lower bound on the variances of unbiased estimates of parameters, e.g., directions of arrival (DOA) in array processing. While there exist landmark papers on the study of the CRB in the context of array processing, the closed-form expressions available in the literature are not easy to use in the context of sparse arrays (such as minimum redundancy arrays (MR...

Combined resistive breathing (CRB) is the hallmark of obstructive airway disease pathophysiology. We have previously shown that severe inspiratory resistive breathing (IRB) induces acute lung injury in healthy rats. The role of expiratory resistance is unknown. The possibility of a load-dependent type of resistive breathing-induced lung injury also remains elusive. Our aim was to investigate th...

This study aims to evaluate the change in flood inundation Chitose River basin (CRB), a tributary of Ishikari River, considering extreme rainfall impacts and topographic vulnerability. The changing were assessed using large-ensemble dataset with high resolution 5 km (d4PDF) as input data for rainfall–runoff–inundation (RRI) model. Additionally, prediction time differences between peak discharge...

We consider the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for data-aided channel estimation for OFDM with known symbol padding (KSPOFDM). The pilot symbols used to estimate the channel are positioned not only in the guard interval but also on some of the OFDM carriers, in order to improve the estimation accuracy for a given guard interval length. As the true CRB is very hard to evaluate, we derive an approximate ...