Previous studies have found that bromocriptine, cyproheptadine, and valproic acid can reduce ACTH secretion in Nelson's syndrome, but none of these agents has achieved widespread use due to their failure to normalize ACTH in most patients. The current study was undertaken to determine whether these three agents, which act through different mechanisms, decrease plasma ACTH synergistically when a...

Valproic acid is one of the most common antiepileptic drugs used for the treatment of several seizure disorders. A 20-year-old man presented with a sudden decline of consciousness. He had a neurosurgery operation for intracranial and intraventricular hemorrhage. Following surgery, antiepileptic medication was administered to the patient in order to control his seizure events. On valproic acid t...

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders that are defined with a wide range of behavioral impairments including social and communication deficits. Apart from these core symptoms, a significant number of ASD individuals display higher levels of anxiety. The present study is designed to understand the antioxidant efficacy of hesperetin...

conclusions according to the results of this study, as carbamazepine and valproate sodium consumption can result in elevated serum levels of homocysteine and decreased levels of folate and vitamin b12, and the atherogenic effect of increased serum homocysteine level is well established, the patients under these medications should be monitored for possible atherogenic effects. results finally, t...

background: the physiologic function of carnitine, oxidation of fatty acid and lipid  metabolism, is severely affected in carnitine deficiency, secondary forms of which lead to renal tubular disorders and chronic renal failure. reduction in serum carnitine has been frequently reported in patients and experimental animals treated with antiepileptic drugs, one of which, valproic acid has consiste...

BACKGROUND The use of valproic acid in the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida, but data on the risks of other congenital malformations are limited. METHODS We first combined data from eight published cohort studies (1565 pregnancies in which the women were exposed to valproic acid, among which 118 major malformations were observed) and identified...

Dear editor, Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital macrocytic anemia characterized by defective erythroid progenitor maturation with normal megakaryocytic and granulocytic differentiation. There is also reticulocytopenia and increased red blood cell (RBC) fetal hemoglobin (HbF). About 25% of patients have a mutation on chromosome 19 that involves the gene encoding ribosomal protein S19 ...

Valproic acid is the most widely used anti-epilep-tic drug in children, and it is probably the most frequent cause of drug-induced acute pancreatitis. Outcomes for patients with valproic acid-associated pancreatitis vary from full recovery after discontinuation of the drug to severe acute pancreatitis and death. Here, we present a case of valproic acid-induced severe acute pancreatitis with pse...

Valproic (2-propylpentanoic) acid is a commonly used drug in the treatment of bipolar disorder and epilepsy. The molecular mechanism that underlies its clinical efficacy remains controversial and is complicated by the broad range of intracellular effects of valproic acid, including its ability to inhibit histone deacetylase (HDAC) and induce protein chaperone expression. Here we show that an es...

Histone deacetylase inhibitors have attracted considerable attention because of their ability to overcome the differentiation block in leukemic blasts, an effect achieved either alone or in combination with differentiating agents, such as all-trans retinoic acid. We have previously reported favorable effects of the potent histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid in combination with all-trans...