The urethrogenital reflex (UGR) is used as a surrogate model of the autonomic and somatic nerve and muscle activity that accompanies ejaculation. The UGR is evoked by distension of the urethra and activation of penile afferents. The current study compares two methods of elevating urethral intraluminal pressure in spinalized, anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 60). The first method, peni...

OBJECTIVE To examine general and treatment-specific predictors of children's weight outcomes during a pediatric weight management trial. METHOD One hundred fifty overweight children-69.3% female; M body mass index (BMI) z score (z-BMI) = 2.21 ± 0.30-completed family-based behavioral weight loss treatment (FBT), followed by randomization to social facilitation maintenance (SFM) treatment addre...

Synaptic facilitation (SF) is a ubiquitous form of short-term plasticity, regulating synaptic dynamics on fast timescales. Although SF is known to depend on the presynaptic accumulation of Ca(2+), its precise mechanism is still under debate. Recently it has been shown that at certain central synapses SF results at least in part from the progressive saturation of an endogenous Ca(2+) buffer (Bla...

INTRODUCTION Body surface mapping (BSM) can be used to identify the site of earliest endocardial activation of ventricular tachycardias (VTs). The multielectrode QRS morphology during VT is determined by both the site of earliest activation and the subsequent spread of electrical activation through the ventricles. This study investigated the relationship between the site of earliest endocardial...

BACKGROUND Sleep problems have been linked with headaches for more than a century, but whether the headaches are the cause or the result of the disrupted sleep is unknown. OBJECTIVES We previously reported that nonrestorative sleep and poor sleep habits are almost universal in a referral population of women with transformed migraine (TM). Since cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in imp...

Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation are key pathophysiological features of asthma. Enhanced contraction of bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) is one of the causes of the AHR. It is thus important for development of asthma therapy to understand the change in the contractile signaling of airway smooth muscle cells associated with the AHR. In addition to the Ca2+-mediated phosphorylation ...

Precise measurements of the longitudinal profiles of ion beams with ∼10 ps temporal resolution became available with the help of a Bunch Shape Monitor (BSM) developed and used at the INR. A number of BSMs have been developed, fabricated at the INR and tested with a beam at several laboratories during last 3 years. The upgraded BSM-Bunch Length and Velocity Detector (BLVD)-can measure not only l...

Lattice gauge theory was formulated by Kenneth Wilson in 1974. In the ensuing decades, improvements in actions, algorithms, and computers have enabled tremendous progress in QCD, to the point where lattice calculations can yield sub-percent level precision for some quantities. Beyond QCD, lattice methods are being used to explore possible beyond the standard model (BSM) theories of dynamical sy...

CONTEXT No trials for childhood overweight have examined maintenance interventions to augment the effects of initial weight loss programs. OBJECTIVES To determine the short-term and long-term efficacy of 2 distinct weight maintenance approaches vs no continued treatment control following standard family-based behavioral weight loss treatment for childhood overweight, and to examine children's...