Presented is a real-time engine brake torque estimation model where the instantaneous measured engine speed serves as the model input. The model is comprised of notch filters executed in the crank-angle domain to extract mean engine speed and the nth frequency component from the instantaneous engine speed signal in real-time. Here n denotes the number of engine cylinders. Moreover, the engine b...

background:  patients undergoing cemented hip hemiarthroplasty may develop bone cement implantation syndrome (bcis) which is a leading cause of intraoperative complications. the purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular changes during cemented hip hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients.   methods:  cemented hip hemiarthroplasty was performed on 72 patients with femoral neck fracture. a...

To decrease even eliminate Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions for mitigating global warming, various technologies are being developed on combustion engines. In the research presented in this paper, a numerical investigation of Oxy-Fuel Combustion (OFC) technology an ethanol-gasoline Dual-Fuel Spark Ignition (DFSI) engine under economical oxygen consumption at low and mid-high loads was performed by...

Rich burn industrial natural gas engines offer best in class post catalyst emissions by using a non-selective reduction aftertreatment technology. However, they operate with reduced power density when compared to lean engines. Dedicated exhaust recirculation (EGR) offers possible pathway for rich use technology without sacrificing density. In order achieve emissions, the precious metals and was...

In this paper, an experimental investigation on achieving ultra-low emissions in diesel engine was carried out using intake premixed methanol and EGR technology. The influence of introduction method combustion performances were studied comprehensively. results show that NOx (<0.4g/kWh) PM (<10mg/kWh) can be achieved simultaneously dual fuel (DMDF) highly low-temperature mode. Compared wit...

The brakes must be strong enough to stop the vehicle within a minimum distance in an emergency. The driver must have proper control over the vehicle during emergency braking and vehicle must not skid. The brakes must have good antedate characteristics their effectiveness should not decrease with prolonged application and thus it demand that the cooling of the brakes should be very efficient. Fo...

It is feared that the increasing population of vehicles in the world and the depletion of fossil-based fuel reserves could render transportation and other activities that rely on fossil fuels unsustainable in the long term. Concerns over environmental pollution issues, the high cost of fossil-based fuels and the increasing demand for fossil fuels has led to the search for environmentally friend...

The necessity for decrease in consumption of conventional fuel, related energy and to promote the use of renewable sources such as biofuels, demands for the effective evaluation of the performance of engines based on laws of thermodynamics. Energy, exergy, entropy generation, mean gas temperature and exhaust gas temperature analysis of CI engine using diesel and karanja methyl ester blends at d...

A new P/M route based hot powder pre-form forging process has been evolved to develop high density brake materials for heavy duty applications. Number of iron based MMC’s so developed offer better characteristics for braking applications in comparison to the materials developed through conventional P/M route based on high pressure compaction and pressure sintering. The process so developed in t...